1 / 15

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). A general term for disease s of the heart and/or blood __________ _____% of all deaths annually 2,600 American deaths each day Average of 1 death every 33 seconds. Atherosclerosis (a type of CVD).

foy
Download Presentation

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) A general term for diseases of the heart and/or blood __________ • _____% of all deaths annually • 2,600 American deaths each day • Average of 1 death every 33 seconds

  2. Atherosclerosis (a type of CVD) The progressive narrowing and hardening of an artery due to build up of plaque.

  3. Pathological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth • 2,876 subjects aged 15-34 • 100% had intimal lesions in aorta • Subjects aged 15-19: 60% had coronary artery lesions • Subjects aged 30-34: 70% of females and 80+% of males had coronary artery lesions JAMA 281:727, 1999

  4. Pathological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth Key Conclusions: • Atherosclerosis begins in youth • Fatty streaks & clinically raised lesions increased rapidly in prevalence and extent during ages 15 to 34 • The earlier the cardiovascular risk factors are modified the greater the potential for deferring the onset of heart disease • Primary prevention of atherosclerosis must begin in childhood or adolescence

  5. Coronary Artery Disease – Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries

  6. Non-Controllable Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease • _________ • _________ • Being male. 1. 2.

  7. Major Controllable Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease • Tobacco use/Smoke • High Blood Cholesterol • High Blood Pressure • Physical Inactivity • _________________ • ___________

  8. Other Recognized Risk Factors • High blood homocysteine level • High blood iron level (males) • Low flavonoid intake • Inflammation

  9. Tobacco Use/Smoke • Damages inner lining of artery • Stimulates platelets to clot • Produces free radicals • Decreases HDL levels • Constricts vessels • Reduces oxygen carrying capacity • Increases heart rate

  10. Blood Cholesterol - Risk LipidDesirableBorderlineHigh Total <200 200-239 240+ LDL <100 130-159 160+ HDL >60 41-50 <40 Trig. <150 150-199 200+ • Excessive LDL or inadequate HDL leads to deposition of cholesterol in artery

  11. Blood Pressure Rating ClassificationSystolicDiastolic Optimal <120 <80 _______________ 120-139 80-89 Hypertension 140+ 90+ • Damages inner lining of artery • Causes arteries to become rigid

  12. Blood Pressure • Systolic pressure: the pressure exerted against the walls of the artery during heart _______________ • Diastolic pressure: the pressure exerted against the walls of the artery during the _______________ phase

  13. Physical Inactivity • Lower HDL levels • Lack of stimulus for collateral circulation • Lack of stimulus for endothelial function • Loss of vessel elasticity • Inhibited glucose metabolism • No stimulus for myocardium strengthening • Increased risk for high blood pressure

  14. Obesity & Overweight • Increased risk for high cholesterol levels • Increased risk for elevated blood pressure • Increased risk for type II diabetes

  15. Diabetes • Damages inner lining of artery • Modification of LDL cholesterol

More Related