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Energy: Conservation and Transfer

Learn about the environmental impacts associated with energy resources, forms of energy, energy transformations, and types of energy resources. Understand the consequences of obtaining, managing, and utilizing energy.

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Energy: Conservation and Transfer

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  1. Energy: Conservation and Transfer Explain the environmental implications associated with the various methods of obtaining, managing, and using energy resources.

  2. Energy: Conservation and Transfer • 8.P.2.1 • Explain the environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming and distributing energy. • 8.P.2.2 • Explain the implications of the depletion of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources and the importance of conservation.

  3. Forms and Transformations of Energy • What is energy? • The ability to make things move or change • Thermal Energy • The energy of the moving particles in atoms • Like the heat off a cup of hot chocolate • Ice-cold lemonade has much less thermal energy

  4. What is Energy? • Forms of energy: • Mechanical Energy • Energy of moving objects • Electrical Energy • Energy of moving electric charges • Chemical Energy • Energy stored in the bonds that hold atoms together in molecules • Electromagnetic Energy • Energy that travels as waves, through matter or through empty space • Nuclear Energy • Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom • Energy Examples

  5. What is Energy? • Transferring Energy • Energy moves from one place to another • Like when a golfer swings a golf club (mechanical energy), some of the energy releases to the ball and causes it to move • When the energy is transferred, you can feel this in the form of heat

  6. Energy Transformations • Energy can also change from one form to another • This is called transformation • All forms can be transferred into other forms • Examples include: • Green plants transform electromagnetic energy in the form of sunlight into food. The food is stored chemical energy • A car engine changes chemical energy stored in gasoline into thermal energy and then into mechanical energy • A fan changes electrical energy into mechanical energy • A flashlight changes chemical energy stored in a battery into electrical energy and then into light and heat • Video examples • (Some of the examples we do not study)

  7. Energy Transformations • Energy changes forms all of the time but can never be destroyed. • The amount before and after a transfer or transformation will always be the same • Like in a chemical reaction

  8. Energy Transformations • When a lightbulb is lit, the energy released as heat is not useful, often called “lost” energy • It is not lost, just transferred to the air around the bulb • Whenever energy is transformed, some moves into the environment in the form of heat, just feel your cellphone while it is charging!

  9. Energy Resources and Their Environmental Impact • Humans use large amounts of energy to power cars, heat homes, and produce electricity • This energy comes from the environment • Surroundings of all living things • Energy and the environment

  10. Types of Energy Resources • Nonrenewable Energy Resource • Energy source that is used faster than it can be replaced • Video • Renewable Energy Resource • Energy source than can be replaced as it is used or cannot be used up • Video • Video (Part 2)

  11. Nonrenewable Energy Resources • Most energy in the US comes from fossil fuels • An energy resource that formed over millions of years from the decayed remains of ancient plants and animals • A solid example of this is coal • Used to power many power plants for electricity • A liquid example of this is petroleum (oil) • Often turned into propane to heat homes • A gas example of this is natural gas • Usually found with petroleum

  12. Nonrenewable Energy Resources • The main advantage of fossil fuels is the large amount of energy they can produce • This leads to pollution • The release of unwanted materials into the environment • Burning causes air pollution • Coal mining can damage land and pollute water supplies • Accidents can damage habitats • Fossil Fuels Video • History of… • Los Angeles Smog

  13. Nonrenewable Energy Resources • Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the air • Many scientist believe that the extra CO2 has led to global warming. • A trend of rising average temperatures around the world • Argument about Global Warming • Long • Argument against Global Warming • Shorter

  14. Nonrenewable Energy Resources • Nuclear Energy • Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom • Another source of energy used in the US • Most use Uranium, a nonrenewable resource • Does not cause air pollution • Could release radioactive materials into the environment that could be harmful to living organisms (us…) • Produces radioactive waste which needs to be stored for a long time

  15. Renewable Energy Resources • Humans have used renewable energy for thousands of years • The three most used are: • Wind • Water • Solar

  16. Renewable Energy Resources • Solar Energy • Energy from the sun • Often used today to heat water in homes • Solar panels can be used to produce electricity also • Photovoltaic Cell • Another name for a solar cell • They collect sunlight that heats the atoms in the cell • Cannot be used at night • Can combine with Solar Batteries • Store the energy collected during the day • Solar Reflector • Reflects and focuses sunlight onto fluid-filled pipes

  17. Renewable Energy Resources • Wind Energy • Energy of moving air • Turns the blades of windmills or turbines to create electrical or mechanical energy • No pollution but does affect local environments • Noisy for the neighbors • Local birds and bats are often struck by the blades • Many nations looking offshore to build new wind farms

  18. Renewable Energy Resources • Hydropower • Energy of moving water • Built on rivers in US and around the world • Moving water turn blades to produce electricity • Similar to wind energy • Usually near waterfalls or fast moving water • Dam Video • Dam Removal Video

  19. Renewable Energy Resources • Biomass • Any material from living things that can be used as an energy source • Examples include burning wood, fermenting crops like corn for ethanol • Disadvantage is the release of CO2 into the environment • Another disadvantage is the use of food source for energy when there are people starving. • NASCAR connection

  20. Renewable Energy Resources • Geothermal Energy • Heat energy inside Earth that can be used to heat buildings and produce electricity • Usually located over volcanic grounds • Iceland has the largest number • Nearly 90% of all homes in Iceland are heated by geothermal energy • Geothermal Heat

  21. Using and Conserving Energy Resources • Nonrenewable energy resources are used most worldwide. • In the last 50 years, we have doubled the use of fossil fuels to meet the growing world population • These fuels will not last forever

  22. Using Energy • Using Energy • The more tools and devices we develop, the more energy we will need • Conserving Energy • In the 1950’s we used the same amount of energy we produced • In the 2000’s we use much more energy than we produce • Conservation • The careful use and management of resources • Using energy responsibly • 20 Minute Video • Bill Nye Energy Episode • 20 Minute Video • Major League Baseball Goes Green • 10 minutes

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