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Meat Goat Finishing Systems for Appalachian Small Farms CRIS 1932-63000-001-00D

Meat Goat Finishing Systems for Appalachian Small Farms CRIS 1932-63000-001-00D. Ken Turner Ani Sci/Lead Sci Kim Cassida Agronomist Jorge Ferreira Horticulturist Joyce Foster Biochemist Dale Ritchey Soil Scientist. Pasture Finishing Goats.

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Meat Goat Finishing Systems for Appalachian Small Farms CRIS 1932-63000-001-00D

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  1. Meat Goat Finishing Systems for Appalachian Small FarmsCRIS 1932-63000-001-00D • Ken Turner Ani Sci/Lead Sci • Kim Cassida Agronomist • Jorge Ferreira Horticulturist • Joyce Foster Biochemist • Dale Ritchey Soil Scientist

  2. Pasture Finishing Goats • Weight gain, carcass parameters, and meat quality when finished on alfalfa, red clover, or orchardgrass pastures without energy/protein supplementation. • Monitoring FEC, PCV, FAMACHA, and blood parameters (VA-MD Veterinary College). • Monitoring REA and Back Fat with ultrasound technology (WVU).

  3. Pasture Finishing Goats • Monitoring forage quality and quantity. • Other feeding studies (VSU). • Economics pasture finishing (Univ. Pittsburgh, Katz School of Business).

  4. Pasture Finishing Goats • Nitrogen cycling in the pastures. • Water quality via suction lysimeters

  5. Goats Grazing Alfalfa Paddocks in Sept. 2005

  6. Table 1. Final body weight (BW) and carcass parameters when meat goats were finished on alfalfa (ALF), red clover (RCL), or orchardgrass (OGR) pastures without grain supplementation in 2005.

  7. 84 Packing Co.Eighty Four, PA

  8. Halal • Religious ceremony associated with harvesting of goat, lamb, beef, or poultry for human consumption. • Ethnic populations have accepted frozen goat carcasses because demand exceeds supply. • Fresh goat market is niche opportunity for farmers in the U.S.

  9. Chevon carcasses Oct. 2005Halal Slaughter

  10. Animal IDEar tag #56Goat Loin

  11. HalalChevon and Lamb • Desired 25-35 pound carcass. • Carcass has associated head, heart, kidneys, liver, and spleen. • Preferences is for lean carcass from grass feeding vs. grain feeding. • Families buy whole carcasses; individuals buy 5-6 pounds meat at one time.

  12. Avoid or Reduce larvae ingestion • Don’t use pasture • Avoid contaminated pastures • Graze dry pasture only • Adjust grazing height • Mixed grazing Kill worms/reduce eggs laid • Anthelmintics • Improved nutrition • Improved Immunity • Vaccines ? • Animal genetics Adult Haemonchus Eggs shed in feces L3 larvae consumed with forage ~ ~ ~ Grazed horizon ~ ~ Kill eggs/larvae in pasture • Microclimate management • Crop rotation • Allelopathy ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Inhibit larval migration on forage & in soil-thatch • Physical traits of plants • Chemical traits of plants • Microclimate management ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Thatch layer ~ ~ ~ ~ Soil

  13. GI ParasiteLaboratory Studies • Haemonchus contortus; Barberpole worm L3 larvae survival and egg hatch as influenced by plant secondary metabolites (includes traditional and non-traditional plants). • Small Ruminant GI Parasite/Gerbil Assay (VT Vet School).

  14. New Small Ruminant Pasture Finishing Study • Meat goat kids, Hair sheep lambs, and Traditional lambs (approx. same age). • Finished on orchardgrass/red clover/white clover pastures with and without supplementation. • Weight gain, carcass parameters, and meat quality. • Monitoring REA and BF with ultrasound technology. • Monitoring FEC, PCV, FAMACHA, and blood parameters.

  15. AFSRC Small Farms Project-- agronomy-oriented small ruminant research -- • Forage Chicory • Does soil P fertility alter persistence, yield, nutritive value, anthelmintic properties, or palatability of chicory for goats? • Do chicory cultivars differ in anthelmintic potential? • Forage Brassica • Are turnips or forage rape useful in meat goat production systems? • Do glucosinolates have anthelmintic properties for goats? • How do brassica secondary compounds change across seasons and thus interact with parasitism in goats? • Legume Pastures for Meat Goats • Evaluate meat goat growth and carcass quality on alfalfa, red clover, and orchardgrass pastures • Forage yield, grazing management/utilization, nutritive value, stand persistence, plant tissue turnover, soil N cycling, soil microbial ecology, economic analysis

  16. AFSRC Small Farms Project-- agronomy-oriented small ruminant research -- • Tannin-Containing Legumes • sericea lespedeza, annual lespedeza, birdsfoot trefoil • How do tannins impact parasitism in meat goats on pasture? • How do tannins affect N cycling in pasture ecosystems? • Appropriate species, cultivars, and management for Appalachia? • Parasitism – Infective Potential of Pastures • Develop quicker method for measuring infective larvae on forage • How does infective potential vary with forage species, cultivar, and pasture management? • Stockpiling prairiegrass for fall grazing of small ruminants

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