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Elastic Hierarchies: Combining Treemaps and Node-Link Diagrams. Shengdong Zhao, Michael J. McGuffin, Mark H. Chignell. University of Toronto. Hierarchies (Trees). Definition Data where cases relate to subcases Examples Family histories, ancestries File/directory systems on computers
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Elastic Hierarchies: Combining Treemaps and Node-Link Diagrams Shengdong Zhao, Michael J. McGuffin, Mark H. Chignell University of Toronto
Hierarchies (Trees) • Definition • Data where cases relate to subcases • Examples • Family histories, ancestries • File/directory systems on computers • Organization charts • Animal kingdom: phylum, genus • Object-oriented software classes
Common Tree Representations Alignment, Adjacency Node-Link Containment Outline
Common Tree Representations Alignment, Adjacency Node-Link Containment Outline Node-Link Diagram
Common Tree Representations Alignment, Adjacency Node-Link Containment Outline Node-Link Diagram Treemap
Common Tree Representations Alignment, Adjacency Node-Link Containment Outline Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst
Common Tree Representations Alignment, Adjacency Node-Link Containment Outline Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst Explorer
Tree Visualization Challenges • Structure AND data within items • Scalability (exponential growth) • Context (when focus changes) • Multiple hierarchies orpolyarchies • Multiple foci [Furnas & Zacks] [Robertson]
Tree Visualization Challenges • Different local properties • Topology (dense vs. sparse) • Data content (image vs. text)
Tree Visualization Challenges • Different local properties • Topology (dense vs. sparse) • Data content (image vs. text) • Dynamic data • Hierarchies evolve • Adjustment required for content, context, topology
Single Representation Limitations Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst Explorer
Single Representation Limitations • Structure vs. data within items Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst Explorer
Single Representation Limitations • Structure vs. data within items • Expressivity Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst Explorer
Single Representation Limitations • Structure vs. data within items • Expressivity • Static representation Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst Explorer
Single Representation Limitations • Structure vs. data within items • Expressivity • Static representation Node-Link Diagram Treemap Sunburst Explorer
Solving the Problem • Hybridize complementary representations to balance structure and scalability
Solving the Problem • Hybridize complementary representations to balance structure and scalability • Representational adaptations for branches and tasks
Solving the Problem • Hybridize complementary representations to balance structure and scalability • Representational adaptations for branches and tasks • User manipulation and automatic adjustment
Combine Multiple Representations Node-Link
Combine Multiple Representations Node-Link Treemap
Combine Multiple Representations Node-Link Hybrid 1 Treemap
Combine Multiple Representations Node-Link Hybrid 1 Hybrid 2 Treemap
Combine Multiple Representations … … … Node-Link Hybrid 1 Hybrid 2 Treemap
Combine Multiple Representations … … … Node-Link Hybrid 1 Hybrid 2 Treemap Elastic Hierarchy: Entire set of adjustable hybrids of multiple representations
Elastic Hierarchy A tree of ~3500 nodes using Node-Link Node–Link Diagram
Elastic Hierarchy Same tree using Treemap Treemap
Elastic Hierarchy Same tree using Elastic Hierarchy Elastic Hierarchy
Elastic Hierarchy • Elastic Hierarchy • Focus+context • Adaptability+user control • Multiple foci Node–Link Diagram Treemap Elastic Hierarchy
x y Taxonomy
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM)
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM) inside outside
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM) inside outside NL outside NL …….(A) TM outside NL …….(B) NL outside TM …….(C) TM outside TM …….(D) NL inside TM …….(E) TM inside TM …….(F) NL inside NL …….(G) TM inside NL …….(H)
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM) inside outside NL outside NL …….(A) TM outside NL …….(B) NL outside TM …….(C) TM outside TM …….(D) NL inside TM …….(E) TM inside TM …….(F) NL inside NL …….(G) TM inside NL …….(H)
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM) inside outside NL outside NL …….(A) TM outside NL …….(B) NL outside TM …….(C) TM outside TM …….(D) NL inside TM …….(E) TM inside TM …….(F)
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM) inside outside NL outside NL …….(A) TM outside NL …….(B) NL outside TM …….(C) TM outside TM …….(D) NL inside TM …….(E) TM inside TM …….(F)
x y Taxonomy Node-Link (NL) Treemap (TM) inside outside NL outside NL …….(A) TM outside NL …….(B) NL outside TM …….(C) TM outside TM …….(D) NL inside TM …….(E) TM inside TM …….(F)
Treemap Outside Node-Link • Preserve top-level topology
Treemap Outside Node-Link • Preserve top-level topology • Space filling at crowded lower levels
Treemap Outside Node-Link • Preserve top-level topology • Space filling at crowded lower levels • Pattern comparison among branches
Treemap/Node-Link Outside Treemap • Focus+Context
Treemap/Node-Link Outside Treemap • Focus+Context • Multiple foci
Treemap/Node-Link Outside Treemap • Focus+Context • Multiple foci • Occlusion
Node-Link Inside Treemap • Local topology within context • But, has tight space constrains