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Why did US get invade Cuba?

Explore the differing headlines and viewpoints surrounding the explosion of the Maine in Havana Harbor in 1898, including causes, implications, and the Spanish-American War aftermath.

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Why did US get invade Cuba?

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  1. Why did US get invade Cuba?

  2. Comparing Headlines • What does each headline imply? • If these were articles, which would you have wanted to read first? • Which do you think would have been the most reliable story? Why? • Why might different newspapers choose to present the same event so differently?

  3. Explosion of the U.S.S.MaineHavana Harbor, 1898 • Cuba was colonized by Spain. • Cuban rebels had been fighting for independence. • Spain was thought to be brutal in repressing the rebellion. • U.S. had business interests in Cuba. • President McKinley had sent the Maine to Cuba (Why? To protect American interests? To prepare for war? To intimidate Spain? This is debated by historians. . .). • Maine explodes on Feb 15, 1898. Who sunk the Maine?

  4. “Awake United States!” This song was rushed into print between the sinking of the Maine on February 15, 1898, and the declaration of war on April 25, 1898. Eagle soar on high, and sound the battle cry! And how proudly sailed the warship Maine, a Nation’s pride, without a stain! A wreck she lies, her sailors slain. By two-faced butchers, paid by Spain! Eagle soar on high, And sound the battle cry Wave the starry flag! In mud it shall not drag!

  5. Who Sunk the Maine?

  6. Debrief • Discussion • Do you know what happened to the Maine? • What evidence do you have for your answer? Give an example where the reporter uses solid evidence to support a claim made in the article. • Do you think these articles would have been received differently by their readers in 1898? How so? • How significant do you think the Maine explosion was to the American people at this time? Why?

  7. The Spanish-American War

  8. Causes of the Spanish-American War

  9. Causes of the Spanish-American War ?

  10. Causes of the Spanish-American War

  11. Causes of the Spanish-American War

  12. McKinley Tries Negotiations • US business interests in Cuba were threatened by the unrest • McKinley threatened to recognize Cuba as an independent state if Spain did not establish some stability there; Spain agreed to give Cuba autonomy (but not independence) • This led Spanish loyalists to riot in Havana, forcing McKinley to dispatch the USS Maine to protect US interests in Cuba and to evacuate Americans if things got too violent

  13. Causes of the Spanish-American War

  14. Causes of the Spanish-American War Remember the Maine! And to hell with Spain!

  15. Jingoism • McKinley was reluctant to go to war and hoped for peace • Many Republicans (including a young Theodore Roosevelt) grew angry with McKinley’s reluctance for war; they believed in a form of nationalism called “jingoism” – a blind willingness to use force against other nations to protect the best interests of the US • McKinley caved to the pressure in April 1898 and asked Congress to authorize the use of force against Spain if they did not withdraw. Spain responded with declaring war.

  16. The Teller Amendment • Passed prior to the war, the Amendment stated that the US would not attempt to annex Cuba; instead, the US vowed to support Cuban independence

  17. “It has been a splendid little war.” – John Hay • US Navy blockaded Cuban ports and destroyed the Spanish fleet sent to protect Cuba • 17,000 US ground forces fought in Cuba between June 14 and August 12. • US Asiatic fleet attacked Spanish colony of the Philippines, crushing Spain’s navy in a matter of hours with only nine wounded US sailors • US soldiers on their way to occupy the Philippines also seized the Spanish colony of Guam in the Central Pacific

  18. Effects of the Spanish-American War

  19. Effects of the Spanish-American War

  20. Effects of the Spanish-American War

  21. Effects of the Spanish-American War

  22. Effects of the Spanish-American War

  23. Effects of the Spanish-American War

  24. Effects of the Spanish-American War “There was nothing left for us to do but take them all [Philippine Islands], and to uplift the Filipinos, and uplift and Christianize them.” – President William McKinley “My opinion is that the Philippines should be given the opportunity to govern themselves.” – Booker T. Washington, believed America should settle race-related issues at home before taking on social problems abroad “If the Philippines are annexed…how can we prevent the Chinese…from going to the Philippines and from there swarm into the United States and engulf our people and our civilization? – Samuel Gompers, founder of the American Federation of Labor

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