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Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. 1. Building (DNA Polymerase)

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. 1. Building (DNA Polymerase) 2. Tearing apart (enzymes in stomach). http://www.hillstrath.on.ca/moffatt/bio3a/digestive/enzanim.htm http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/proteins/enzsub.html

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Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. 1. Building (DNA Polymerase)

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  1. Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions. 1. Building (DNA Polymerase) 2. Tearing apart (enzymes in stomach) http://www.hillstrath.on.ca/moffatt/bio3a/digestive/enzanim.htm http://student.ccbcmd.edu/~gkaiser/biotutorials/proteins/enzsub.html http://www.tvdsb.on.ca/westmin/science/sbi3a1/digest/enzymes.htm http://www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html Most have an –ase ending. Amylase – digests carbohydrates Lipase – digests lipids

  2. Enzymes convert substrate (starting material) to products. - Lock and Key model Substrate and active site must fit together.

  3. Enzymes characteristics: • Require a specific substrate. • Require a specific temperature. • Require specific environment. • 4. NOT used up in the reaction.

  4. Specific environment can be: 1. Acidic (ex. Stomach) 2. Basic (ex. Small Intestines) Therefore, stomach acid and bile are very helpful in providing the correct chemical environment for enzymes to work.

  5. Acid: 1. Gastric acid in stomach. 2. Contains HCl. Bile: 1. Secreted by the liver, stored in gall bladder. 2. “Emulsifies fats” Dissolves fats NOT DIGEST.

  6. Lipase is an enzyme that digests fat. Bile is a solution that emulsifies fats. Together, they speed up the breakdown of fats in the digestive system. Tootsie Roll Pop Commercial How does bile help?

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