WHAT IS JOURNALISM?

1. AFA DAILY MCKINNEY’S SMART NEWS www.dailynews.com - Since 2009 WHAT IS JOURNALISM? • An essential piece of a civilized society. • A tool to keep democracy in check. • Timely reporting • The gathering of information through interviewing and research • Layers of meaning and context that are fair, unbiased/objective. • It depends on the audience: • News • Information • Background • Entertainment • Commentary • Education Journalism is the message/content.

2. AFA DAILY MCKINNEY’S SMART NEWS www.dailynews.com - Since 2009 WHAT IS JOURNALISM? • First obligation is to the truth. • First loyalty to citizens. • It’s essence is discipline of verification of information. • Reporters should be be independent of those they cover. • Serve as independent monitor of power. • Provide a forum for public criticism. • Strive to make the significant interesting and relevant. • Report complete news from both sides fairly and equally. • Journalists should be allowed to follow their personal conscience.

3. The report surveyed 195 countries and territories with 70 rated free, 61 partly free, and 64 not free. Only 17 percent of the world's population live in countries that enjoy a free press, the report said. The concept of freedom of speech is often covered by the same laws as freedom of the press, thereby giving equal treatment to spoken and published expression. Free Partly free Not free

4. AFA Daily MCKINNEY’S SMART NEWS - Since 2010 WHAT IS MEDIA? The form and technology used to communicate information. • Types of media: • Television • Newspaper • Radio • Internet • Magazines Multimedia is the combination of various types of media.

5. THE AFA DAILY MCKINNEY’S SMART NEWSPAPER WORLD EXCLUSIVES TYPES OF NEWS OPINION Editorials: Unsigned articles that express a publication's opinion. Columns: Signed articles that express the writer's reporting and his conclusions. Reviews: Such as concert, restaurant or movie reviews. • NEWS STORY • Breaking news: Telling about an event as it happens. • Feature stories: A detailed look at something interesting that's not breaking news. • Investigative stories: Stories that uncover information that few people knew. • ONLINE • News stories and opinions plus: • Blogs: Online diaries kept by individuals or small groups. • ● Discussion boards: Online question and answer pages where anyone can participate. • ● Wikis: Articles that any reader can add to or change.

6. THE AFA DAILY MCKINNEY’S SMART NEWSPAPER WORLD EXCLUSIVES OPINION Editorials: Unsigned articles that express a publication's opinion. Columns: Signed articles that express the writer's reporting and his conclusions. Reviews: Such as concert, restaurant or movie reviews. • NEWS STORY • Breaking news: Telling about an event as it happens. • Feature stories: A detailed look at something interesting that's not breaking news. • Investigative stories: Stories that uncover information that few people knew. • ONLINE • News stories and opinions plus: • Blogs: Online diaries kept by individuals or small groups. • ● Discussion boards: Online question and answer pages where anyone can participate. • ● Wikis: Articles that any reader can add to or change.

7. AFA DAILY Date today 1/12/10 JOURNALISTS Anchor Broadcaster Photographer Videographer Reporters and Correspondents Collect and analyze facts about newsworthy events by interview, investigation, or observation. Report and write stories for newspaper, news magazine, radio, or television. Editors Perform variety of editorial duties, such as laying out, indexing, and revising content of written materials, in preparation for final publication. WHAT DOES IT TAKE? Bachelor’s degree in Journalism or Communications Compatible Personality TraitsOutgoing, commitment to objectivity, eye for detail, self-starter, excellent communicator, good under pressure, willing to work odd hours, flexible. You can either work at a news organization or work free-lance (on your own) selling your work to news organizations. Average salary – Depends on years experience Between $25,000 and $80,000 a year

8. AFA DAILY Date today 1/12/10 Journalists and Ethics • Should not manipulate or censor. • Consider when the truth conflicts with other values: • Public interest (ex – military secrets) • Right to privacy vs right to free speech • Fantasy vs truth (ex – tabloids) • Sensitivity/Taste (ex – showing graphic pictures of violence) • Conflict with law – (ex --protection of sources) Anchor Broadcaster Photographer Videographer WHAT DOES IT TAKE? Bachelor’s degree in Journalism or Communications Compatible Personality TraitsOutgoing, commitment to objectivity, eye for detail, self-starter, excellent communicator, good under pressure, willing to work odd hours, flexible. You can either work at a news organization or work free-lance (on your own) selling your work to news organizations. Average salary – Depends on years experience Between $25,000 and $80,000 a year

9. view of journalism that was described 80 years ago by the legendary American political reporter, Walter Lippmann, in these words: “The news of the day as it reaches the newspaper office is an incredible medley of fact, propaganda, rumour, suspicion, clues, hopes and fears, and the task of selecting and ordering that news is one of the truly sacred and priestly offices in a democracy.”