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Weather

Weather. Chapter 25 Modern Earth Science. Weather Instruments. Chapter 25 Section 3 Modern Earth Science. Essential Question. Identify four instruments that measure lower-atmospheric weather conditions and d escribe how scientists measure conditions in the upper atmosphere.

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Weather

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  1. Weather Chapter 25 Modern Earth Science

  2. WeatherInstruments Chapter 25 Section 3 Modern Earth Science

  3. Essential Question • Identify four instruments that measure lower-atmospheric weather conditionsand describe how scientists measure conditions in the upper atmosphere.

  4. Weather Instruments • Barometer: measures air pressure. (chapter 23) • Psychrometers & hair hygrometers : measure relative humidity. (ch 24) • Rain gauge: measures precipitation. (chapter 24)

  5. Measuring Air Temperature • Thermometer: used to measure air temperature. • 3 common types of thermometers • Liquid: expanding & contracting mercury or alcohol indicate rise or fall of temperature. • Bimetal: made of 2 strips of metal that bend when heated. • Electrical: as temp rises, electrical current increases.

  6. Measuring Wind Speed & Direction • Anemometer: measures wind speed • Wind vane: indicates wind direction.

  7. Measuring Upper-Atmospheric Conditions radiosondea package of instruments that is carried aloft by balloons to measure upper atmospheric conditions, including temperature, dew point, and wind velocity • The radiosonde sends measurements as radio waves to a receiver that records the information. • When the balloon reaches a very high altitude, the balloon expands and bursts, and the radiosonde parachutes back to Earth.

  8. Measuring Upper-Atmospheric Conditions, continued radar radio detection and ranging, a system that uses reflected radio waves to determine the velocity and location of objects • For example, large particles of water in the atmosphere reflect radar pulses. • The newest Doppler radar can indicate the precise location, movement,and extent of a storm. It can also indicate the intensity of precipitation and wind patterns within a storm.

  9. Weather Satellites • Satellite images provide weather information for regions where observations cannot be made from ground. • The direction and speed of the wind at the level of the clouds can also be measured by examining a continuous sequence of cloud images. • Satellite instruments can also measure marine conditions.

  10. Computers • Before computers were available, solving the mathematical equations that describe the behavior of the atmosphere was very difficult, and sometimes impossible. • In addition to solving many of these equations, computers can store weather data from around the world. These data can provide information that is useful in forecasting weather changes.

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