WHO ARE THEY?

1. WHO ARE THEY? Identify the people in the following pictures and tell what you know about them.

3. Gamalabdelnasser • President of Egypt – one of the founding fathers of the non-aligned movement.

5. Boris yeltsin • Rfformist party leader of the soviet union – got elected as the president of soviet union r the independence of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia – demanded more economic reforms and wanted the Russian union to be voluntary – called for multi-party elections- defeated the coup of 1991 in ussr – took over power from fromgorbachev.

7. Bernard baruch • Advisor to the us president on economic and foreign policy – he was the first to use the term ‘cold war’ to describe the tension between the soviet union and the us.

9. Eleanor rooosevelt • Wife of us president franklin Roosevelt – was instrumental in formulating the universal declaration of human rights.

11. George marshal • Us secretary of state – he initiated the marshall plan – it was a program of economic assistance for all European countries including the soviet union, if it were willing to participate – it was viewed with suspicion by ussr and its allies – they referred to it as ‘dollar imperialism’ and an attempt by the usa to interfere in eastern Europe. As a result only western European countries took advantage of the plan. Neither the ussr nor any other eastern European countries showed interest in the marshall plan. This strengthened the cold war.

13. Mikhail gorbachev • President of ussr who was determined to endthe tension between his country and the usa. His policies of glasnost and perestroiks though did a lot of good to his country, also led to the collapse of the ussr.

15. Franklin d roosevelt • President of the usa who threatened to go in for an isolation policy announcing that the us forces would be withdrawn from the European states. This made churchil realize that the European states would not be able to resist the spread of the soviet influence in the rest of Europe. He therefore, called for a western alliance that would resist the soviet threat.

17. Lord William bentinck • Prohibited the practice of sati in india that led to many Indians doubt the intentions of the british government as an unnecessary interference in indian customs and traditions.

19. Harry truman • Us president who believed in being actively involved in containing the soviet threat in Europe. He came up with his Truman doctrine in 1947, which was to provide 400 million dollars aid to Greece and turkey. This in turn would prevent them from falling under soviet control. The doctrine in which other nations will be able to work stated that one of the primary objectives of the foreign policy of the usa was to create conditions in which other nations will be able to work out a way of life free from coercion.

21. tito • President of Yugoslavia - one of thE founding Fathers of the non-aligned movement.

23. Irene zubaida khan • Secretary –general of amnesty international , a non-governmental international organisation – the mission of the ai or amnesty international is to conduct research and generate action to prevent and end grave ABUSES OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND TO DEMAND JUSTICE FOR THOSE WHOSE RIGHTS HAVE BEEN VIOLATED. AMNESTY DEALS WITH 5 KEY AREAS = WOMEN’S RIGHTS, CHILDRENS’ RIGHTS, ENDING TORTURE AND EXECUTION, RIGHTS OF REFUGEES AND RIGHTS OF PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE.

25. Winston churchil • BRITISH PRIME MINISTER WHO GAVE THE FAMOUS FULTON SPEECH THAT BECAME POPULAR AS THE IRON CURTAIN SPEECH.

27. Mangalpandey • The soldier of the 34th regiment at barrackpore, who fired at his sergeant major and asked other soldiers to rise against the british in defence of their caste and religion. This became the immediate cause of the revolt of 1857.

29. Bahadur shah ii • the last Mughal emperor in india who was humiliated by the british when they forced him out of his residence at the red fort and sent him on exile to Burma.

31. Nana saheb • The adopted son of Maratha peshwabajirao ii who was to get an annual pension from the british but was denied as they thought it was waste of money to pay an adopted heir to the throne as anyways according to the doctrine of lapse the adopted son could not become the heir to the throne.

33. Joseph stalin • President of ussr who took part in the yalta conference held in crimea to discuss the problems related to the second world war.

35. Adolf hitler • The leader of the nazi party in Germany.

37. Benito mussolini • Leader of the fascist party in Italy.

39. Rani laxmibai • The rani of Jhansi who fought with the british against the system of the doctrine of lapse introduced by Dalhousie, disallowing her adopted son from becoming the heir to the throne after her deceased husband.

41. Swami dayanandsaraswathi • Founder of the aryasamaj – he opposed caste system and encouraged female education and widow re-marriage. Was a great social and religious reformer who contributed to the rise of nationalism in india.

43. Dadabhainaoroji • A parsi moderate leader who propounded the drain theory indicating the economic exploitation of india by the british in his book poverty and unbritish rule. He founded the east india association in London to make the british aware of the wrong policies imposed in india.

45. Swami vivekananda • Founder of the Ramakrishna mission for selfless service towards healthcare, disaster relief and education. Great social reformer rediscovered india’s past and motivated the indian youth to respect indian culture. Popularised the glory of indian culture around the world and brought about self confidence and self respect for Indians.

47. Raja rammohanroy • Social and religious reformer who founded the brahmosamajto carry out his reforms. Is regarded as he prophet of indian nationalism and father of modern india. Is associated with two great reforms – the abolition of sati and the introduction of western learning in india.

49. Lord lytton • British viceroy in india – reduced the maximum age limit for the indian civil services exam from 21 to 19. this was