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The Outbreak of War

The Outbreak of War. Focus Question. How should a country best prepare for war?. Election of Lincoln spurred Secession. In December 1860, South Carolina seceded Followed swiftly by six states in the Deep South Formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America (CSA)

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The Outbreak of War

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  1. The Outbreak of War

  2. Focus Question • How should a country best prepare for war?

  3. Election of Lincoln spurred Secession • In December 1860, South Carolina seceded • Followed swiftly by six states in the Deep South • Formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America (CSA) • Elected Jefferson Davis President • Formed a government • Formed an army

  4. Negotiations along the Border • 8 slave states had not seceded • Border Whigs attempted a compromise • Lincoln Administration entered negotiations with the border states • Many watched and waited.

  5. Fort Sumter • By April 1861, the U.S. held only three forts in the South • Most federal installations were handed over • Fort Sumter sat commanding Charleston Harbor • CSA determined to have it • Lincoln determined to hold it

  6. Relief of Sumter • Lincoln decided to send supplies to Fort Sumter • Informed Confederates of his intent • Ships fired upon and withdrew • Fort Sumter bombarded, April 12, 1861 • “And the war began”

  7. Lincoln called for volunteers • Called for 75,000 men to put down the rebellion • Suspended habeas corpus in Maryland • Four states of the Upper South seceded

  8. First Battle of Bull Run • Both sides thought “One Big Battle” would end the war • Met in Northern Virginia on July 21, 1861 • Southerners proved victorious • Both sides hunkered down for a long war

  9. Advantages and Disadvantages • Identify three advantages held by the North • Identify three advantages held by the South • Identify three disadvantages held by the North • Identify three disadvantages held by the South

  10. Strategies of the War Union Plan • Anaconda Plan • Designed by Winfield Scott • Blockade the South • Seize control of the Mississippi • Capture Richmond

  11. Strategies of the War • Southern Plan • “Active Defense” • Defend Southern territory • Active when holding the advantage • Encourage foreign support • Prolong the War

  12. The Course of the War

  13. The War in the East 1862 Confederates Triumphant • Peninsular Campaign June – July • Second Bull Run August • Antietam September 17 • FredericksburgDecember

  14. The War in the East 1863 Confederates at Bay • Chancellorsville May • Gettysburg July

  15. The War in the East 1864 Confederate Decline • WildernessMay 5-7 • SpotsylvaniaMay 8-21 • Cold Harbor June 1-12 • Petersburg June 15 – April 1865 • Appomattox April 9

  16. The War in the West 1862-1863 Union Conquest of the Mississippi • Shiloh April 1862 • New Orleans April 1862 • Perryville KY October 1862 • Corinth TN October 1862 • Vicksburg May -- July 1863

  17. The War in the West 1863-1865 • Push to the Sea • Chickamauga September 1863 • Chattanooga November 1863 • Atlanta July – September 1864 • March to the Sea September – December 1864

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