Integrated Pest Management and the Built Environment

1. Integrated Pest Managementand the Built Environment Antonio Neri, MD Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer National Center for Environmental Health US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention aneri@cdc.gov "The findings and conclusions in this presentation have not been formally disseminated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy."

2. Major Messages • The Built Environment consists of the places we live, work, and play • Proper Integrated Pest Management is a part of any Built Environment • Environmental Health professionals can prevent vector borne diseases by becoming involved in local land-use planning decisions

3. The Built Environment includes all of the physical parts of where we live and work Environmental Health Food Water Waste / Wastewater Pest Management Transportation

4. After Before www.nj.gov/smartgrowth/

5. Community Design and Health Land use Air quality Social processes • Obesity, Cardiovascular health • Water quantity and quality • Pest management • Air pollution and asthma • Climate change contribution • Pesticide use • Mental health • Social capital

6. IPM & Built Environment Encouraging Physical Activity Waste Management Land Planning Construction Practices Water Quality Storm Water Management Pesticide Use

7. IPM & Built Environment ↑Environments that promote outdoor activity and possibly ↓car use Waste Management Improved Air Quality Construction Practices  Pests Storm Water Management Pesticide Use

8. IPM and Asthma • Phipatanakul et al. • Ann. of Allerg. Asthma & Immun. Apr. 2004. • “Mouse allergen levels were significantly reduced during a 5-month period using an integrated pest management intervention.“ = = IPM

9. IPM and Asthma • Williams MK et al.Env. Hlth. Persp. 2006 • “These pilot data suggest that IPM is an effective strategy for reducing pest infestation levels and the internal dose of insecticides during pregnancy.” = = IPM Healthier

10. Land use and mosquitoes • Vanwambeke S et al. • J.Med. Ent. 44 (1): 133-144 Jan. 2007 • “Land cover variables act as proxies for the types of (mosquito) habitat available and their attributes. ” = = IPM Better Land Planning

11. What is Integrated Pest Mgt.? • “An ecology-based system of pest control that uses natural predators, pest-resistant plants, and other methods to preserve a healthy environment in an effort to decrease reliance on harmful pesticides.” www.ecohealth101.org/glossary.html

12. Integrated Pest Management Goals • Prevention • Inspection and monitoring • Intervention • Re-evaluation • Research

13. How Integrated Pest Management can affect the built environment • Renovated areas • Rodent control is an Environmental Health priority • Mosquito control • Tick control • New Construction • Mosquito control is an Environmental Health priority • Tick control • Rodent control

14. Rodent Control Food Water Harborage

15. Rodent Control X Food X Water Harborage

16. Rodent Control Food X Water Harborage

17. Rodent Control

18. Mosquito Control • Physical control • Eliminate breeding sites through • Decreasing standing water • Promoting water disturbance • Addition of native fish that feed on mosquitoes • Managing vegetation

19. Mosquito Control • Standing water management • Permanent ponds (Preferred choice) • ≥ 4 feet deep to prevent emergent vegetation • i.e. cattails • Steep walls to discourage vegetation • Shore vegetation managed on scheduled basis • i.e. Grass clippings removed from site vs. mulched • Support native surface feeding fish • i.e. Gambusia Sp. If biologically appropriate

20. Mosquito ControlPermanent Pond www.auckland-airport.co.nz/Environmental/Gallery/pond_2.jpg

21. Mosquito Control • Stormwater Management • Dry Systems • Design systems to drain within 72 Hours • Monitor and maintain these systems • Systems designed for slow drainage largely ineffective in controlling mosquito breeding

22. Preferred Infiltration basins Biofiltration swales Less Desirable Wet basins Extended detention basins Media filters Mosquito Control Storm water management - dry systems

23. Mosquito ControlBiofiltration Swale www.harvesth2o.com/swale.jpg

24. Tick Management • Physical • “Tick-safe” zone of 3 yards • Effective rodent control • Play areas in safe zone • Chemical • Annual ground acaricide application

27. 3 Yards

28. 3 Yards

29. Tick Management After Renovation Before Renovation ≥ 3 yards www.nj.gov/smartgrowth/

30. National Center for Environmental Health Dr. Andrew Dannenberg Dr. Richard Gelting Mike Herring Vincent Radke Susan Hobson National Center for Infectious Diseases Dr. Hannah Gould Acknowledgements

32. Biofiltration Swales

33. Tick Safe Zones

34. Rodent Control