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The History of Psychology Chapter 1. Psychology’s Roots. Aristotle (384-322 B.C.). Aristotle, a naturalist and philosopher, theorized about psychology’s concepts. He suggested that the soul and body are not separate and that knowledge grows from experience. Psychological Science is Born.
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Psychology’s Roots Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) Aristotle, a naturalist and philosopher, theorized about psychology’s concepts. He suggested that the soul and body are not separate and that knowledge grows from experience.
Psychological Science is Born Wilhelm Wundt and psychology’s first graduate students studied the “atoms of the mind” by conducting experiments at Leipzig, Germany, in 1879. This work is considered the birth of psychology as we know it today.
Psychological Science is Born Edward Titchener, one of Wilhelm Wundt’s first graduate students, coined the term “Structuralism” and brought this “school of thought” to Cornell University in 1892.
Psychological Science is Born American philosopher William James said “structuralism” was the wrong way to study the “mind.” He said we should understand the function of the mind. Hence, the “Functionalism” school of thought is born. James was heavily influenced by Darwin and his theory of evolution
Psychological Science is Born At the turn of the 20th century, Sigmund Freud, an Austrian physician, and his followers emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and its effects on human behavior.
Psychological Science is Born In the early 1900’s, Ivan Pavlov stumbled upon what he called Classical Conditioning, a type of learning based on associations of things with responses In the 1920’s, John B. Watson used Pavlo’s ideas on people, notably “Little Albert.” Watson also stated that the only thing we should study is observable behavior, what was to be termed as “Radical Behaviorism.”
Psychological Science is Born In the 1960’s, B. F. Skinner studies another type of learning based upon consequences of behavior. This type of learning comes to be known as “Operant conditioning.”
Psychological Science Develops Humanistic Psychology Maslow and Rogers emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential and our need for love and acceptance.
