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The New Immigrants. Changes in American Life 1880-1914 Chapter 21, Section 2. Essential Questions. Why was there such a great influx of immigration in the late 1800’s? What was it like to immigrate to the United States? What types of jobs did most immigrants take in the United States?
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The New Immigrants Changes in American Life 1880-1914 Chapter 21, Section 2
Essential Questions • Why was there such a great influx of immigration in the late 1800’s? • What was it like to immigrate to the United States? • What types of jobs did most immigrants take in the United States? • Describe the challenges faced by immigrants to assimilate into American culture.
“Old” Immigrants vs. “New” Immigrants • “Old” Immigrants (Prior to 1890) = Northern & Western Europe • Britain • Ireland • Germany • France • “New Immigrants” (After 1890) = Southern & Eastern Europe • Italy • Poland • Russia • Slavic Peoples (Former Yugoslavia: Croatia, Bosnia, Macedonia, Serbia, Albania • Jewish
Ellis Island • 1st Stop for Immigrants Coming From Europe (Across the Atlantic) • Between NY & NJ • ScreeningStation
Processing of Immigrants at Ellis Island • The Great Hall (Back Then) • Physical Examination • Criminal Inspection • Entrance Fee
Physical Examinations • All Immigrants Were REQUIRED to Pass a Physical Examination • Check for Diseases • If You Had a Disease……….
Angel Island • 1st Stop for Immigrants Coming Across the PacificOcean • Predominantly Asian • Faced More Discrimination
Immigration From Mexico • Mexicans Had to go Through Texas • $8 Entrance Fee • Quick Examination • Much Easier to Get Into U.S. Through Texas!
After Getting Through Ellis Island… • Immigrants Went to Cities • Settled in the 4 Industrial States of: • Massachusetts • New York • Pennsylvania • Illinois • WHY?
EthnicNeighborhoods • Immigrants Looked for Help from Americans from the SAME Country • Help Find Jobs & Housing • Published Newspapers in Native Language • Pool $$$ Together for Religion • Support Local Political Machine: • Help Them Find Jobs!
Immigrants in the EAST • Most European Immigrants Took Whatever Jobs They Could Find • Most Europeans Worked in Factories & Sweatshops! • Got Paid Very Little!
Immigrants in the WEST • Asian Immigrants Mostly Settled in the West • Immigrants Took Jobs As: • Railroad Workers • Owned Restaurants & Businesses • Sugar Farmers • Fisherman • Miners
Immigrants in the Southwest • Revolution in Mexico in 1910: • Thousands of Mexicans Fled to the U.S. • Took Jobs as Farmers & Ranchers in California & Texas • Took Jobs as Copper Miners in Arizona
America’s Melting Pot • Immigrants Wanted to Assimilate into American Culture • Learn English • Take Citizenship Classes
Reasons WHY Nativists Feared/Hated Immigrants • Take Americans’ Jobs! • Immigrants Would Work for Cheaper Pay! • Would Hurt Unions! • Discrimination: • Racial & Religous • Immigrants Would Be Controlled by Political Machines • Would Ruin Democracy • Would Vote Whatever Political Machine Wanted
U.S. Attempts to Limit Immigration in 1882 • Congress Passed Laws to Limit Immigration • Placed Taxes on Immigrants Coming to the U.S. (Keep Out the Poor) • No Beggars/No Criminals/Nobody with Diseases • The Chinese Exclusion Act!
The Chinese Exclusion Act • No Chinese Immigration to the United States for 10 Years! • Completely Racist!
The Quota System • By the 1920’s, Many Nativists Wanted to Stop Immigration to the U.S. • U.S. Created the Quota System • Only a Certain % of Immigrants Could Come from Each Country