The New Immigrants

1. The New Immigrants Changes in American Life 1880-1914 Chapter 21, Section 2

2. Essential Questions • Why was there such a great influx of immigration in the late 1800’s? • What was it like to immigrate to the United States? • What types of jobs did most immigrants take in the United States? • Describe the challenges faced by immigrants to assimilate into American culture.

5. “Old” Immigrants vs. “New” Immigrants • “Old” Immigrants (Prior to 1890) = Northern & Western Europe • Britain • Ireland • Germany • France • “New Immigrants” (After 1890) = Southern & Eastern Europe • Italy • Poland • Russia • Slavic Peoples (Former Yugoslavia: Croatia, Bosnia, Macedonia, Serbia, Albania • Jewish

7. Ellis Island • 1st Stop for Immigrants Coming From Europe (Across the Atlantic) • Between NY & NJ • ScreeningStation

8. Why an Island?

13. Processing of Immigrants at Ellis Island • The Great Hall (Back Then) • Physical Examination • Criminal Inspection • Entrance Fee

14. The Great Hall (Back Then)

15. The Great Hall (Today)

16. Physical Examinations • All Immigrants Were REQUIRED to Pass a Physical Examination • Check for Diseases • If You Had a Disease……….

21. Processing at Ellis Island

23. Angel Island • 1st Stop for Immigrants Coming Across the PacificOcean • Predominantly Asian • Faced More Discrimination

26. Angel Island Sleeping Arrangements

27. Immigration From Mexico • Mexicans Had to go Through Texas • $8 Entrance Fee • Quick Examination • Much Easier to Get Into U.S. Through Texas!

28. After Getting Through Ellis Island… • Immigrants Went to Cities • Settled in the 4 Industrial States of: • Massachusetts • New York • Pennsylvania • Illinois • WHY?

29. EthnicNeighborhoods • Immigrants Looked for Help from Americans from the SAME Country • Help Find Jobs & Housing • Published Newspapers in Native Language • Pool $$$ Together for Religion • Support Local Political Machine: • Help Them Find Jobs!

30. “Little Italy”

31. “Chinatown”

32. Immigrants in the EAST • Most European Immigrants Took Whatever Jobs They Could Find • Most Europeans Worked in Factories & Sweatshops! • Got Paid Very Little!

33. Immigrants in the WEST • Asian Immigrants Mostly Settled in the West • Immigrants Took Jobs As: • Railroad Workers • Owned Restaurants & Businesses • Sugar Farmers • Fisherman • Miners

34. Immigrants in the Southwest • Revolution in Mexico in 1910: • Thousands of Mexicans Fled to the U.S. • Took Jobs as Farmers & Ranchers in California & Texas • Took Jobs as Copper Miners in Arizona

35. What Does the Term, “Melting Pot” Mean to YOU?

36. What Did YOU Have for Dinner Last Night?

37. What is an “American” Meal?

38. America’s Melting Pot • Immigrants Wanted to Assimilate into American Culture • Learn English • Take Citizenship Classes

39. America’s Melting Pot!

40. Reasons WHY Nativists Feared/Hated Immigrants • Take Americans’ Jobs! • Immigrants Would Work for Cheaper Pay! • Would Hurt Unions! • Discrimination: • Racial & Religous • Immigrants Would Be Controlled by Political Machines • Would Ruin Democracy • Would Vote Whatever Political Machine Wanted

44. U.S. Attempts to Limit Immigration in 1882 • Congress Passed Laws to Limit Immigration • Placed Taxes on Immigrants Coming to the U.S. (Keep Out the Poor) • No Beggars/No Criminals/Nobody with Diseases • The Chinese Exclusion Act!

45. The Chinese Exclusion Act • No Chinese Immigration to the United States for 10 Years! • Completely Racist!

49. The Quota System • By the 1920’s, Many Nativists Wanted to Stop Immigration to the U.S. • U.S. Created the Quota System • Only a Certain % of Immigrants Could Come from Each Country

50. Restriction of Immigration Passed by Congress (1882)