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Cancer Treatment

Cancer Treatment. Andrea Janeš Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat. th. Choice of C ancer T reatment. S pecific characteristics of cancer Patient’s overall condition G oal s of treatment : cure keep from spreading relieve symptoms.

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Cancer Treatment

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  1. Cancer Treatment Andrea Janeš Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat th

  2. Choice of Cancer Treatment • Specific characteristics of cancer • Patient’s overall condition • Goals of treatment: cure keep from spreading relieve symptoms

  3. Options • Surgery • Chemotherapy • Radiation therapy • Hormonal therapy • Targeted therapy • Biological therapy • Personalized Cancer Care • Clinical Trials • Stem Cell Transplantation

  4. Surgery Used to: • diagnose cancer (eg. biopsy) • determine its stage • treat cancer (eg. resection)

  5. Biopsy • Curative surgery • Cryosurgery • Debulking surgery • Electrosurgery • Laser surgery • Prophylactic surgery • Palliative surgery • Restorative or reconstructive surgery • Staging surgery

  6. Radiation therapy • Local treatment • High-energy rays • May be externally or internally delivered • Not useful in disseminated disease

  7. External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) • Vialinear accelerators • Delivered on an outpatient basis for approximately 6 to 8 weeks • Radiation from multiple directions • Delivered specifically to an organ or encompassing the surrounding area, including lymph nodes

  8. Brachytherapy • Radioactive material placed directly into or near the cancer • Additional boost of radiation or the only type of radiation therapy • Permanent or temporary

  9. Chemotherapy • Systemic treatment • Single drugs or combinations of drugs • Administered through a vein, injected into a body cavity, or delivered orally in the form of a pill • Regimen/protocol

  10. Adjuvant therapy • Neo-adjuvant therapy • Concurrent therapy

  11. Side effects • Alopecia • Fibrosis • Mucositis • Myelosuppresion • Nausea and vomiting • Pneumonitis • Xerostomia

  12. Hormonal Therapy • Reduces the amount of hormone circulating in the body • Blocks the hormone receptors on cancer cell membrane • Drugs and/or removal of organs that secrete hormones

  13. Targeted Therapy • Drugs that target a specific pathway in the growth and development of a tumor • The targets are various molecules in the body that are known or suspected to play a role in cancer formation

  14. Biological Therapy • Uses the body’s immune system to facilitate the killing of cancer cells • Interferon, interleukin, monoclonal antibodies, colony stimulating factors (cytokines), and vaccines

  15. Resources • http://www.cancerconsultants.com/cancer-treatment • http://www.oncolink.org/treatment/index.cfm

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