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DEBRIEFING – TOPIC 1. LEARNING OUTCOME THE PUSH FOR IFRS GLOBALLY MASB CHALLENGES, STATUS. LEARNING OUTCOMES. IDENTIFY REFERENCE MATERIALS AND CURRENT REFERENCES FROM SELECTED DATABASES REVIEW EMPIRICAL LITERATURE IDENTIFY CHARACTERISTICS OF ISSUES COMMUNICATE IDEAS AS A GROUP. LO2.
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DEBRIEFING – TOPIC 1 • LEARNING OUTCOME • THE PUSH FOR IFRS GLOBALLY • MASB • CHALLENGES, STATUS
LEARNING OUTCOMES • IDENTIFY REFERENCE MATERIALS AND CURRENT REFERENCES FROM SELECTED DATABASES • REVIEW EMPIRICAL LITERATURE • IDENTIFY CHARACTERISTICS OF ISSUES • COMMUNICATE IDEAS AS A GROUP
LO2 • CAN EXPLAIN THE ADOPTION/CONVERGENCE AS A PROCESS, JOURNEY • CAN DEFINE STANDARDIZATION AND CONVERGENCE • CAN IDENTIFY TYPES AND STAGES OF CONVERGENCE TO IFRS • CAN IDENTIFY WORLD BODIES FOR SETTING ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
WHY STANDARDISE • AT COUNTRY LEVEL • AT WORLD LEVEL – GLOBAL • >150 YEARS OF MODERNISATION HAS STANDARDISED OUR LIVES • ONE WAY OF RECOGNISING, MEASURING AND DISCLOSING A, L, OE, R AND EX
FOR WHOSE GOOD? • FASB VERSUS IASB • SEPTEMBER 2002 NORWALK AGREEMENT • ENRON, WORLD.COM, PAMALAT, HIH • IS IT GOOD? FOR WHOM? • FOR STANDARD SETTERS • FOR AUDITORS (TOKAR,2005), FOR REGULATORS, USERS, PREPARERS
LARSON AND STREET 2OO4 • STD ARE COMPLEX • INADEQUATE GUIDANCE FOR FIRST TIME USERS • TAX ORIENTATION OF MANY NATIONAL ACCOUNTING SYTEMS
FONTES ET AL 2005 • PORTUGAL • MEASURE RATE OF CONVERGENCE • REQUIRED, PERMITTED, DISALLOWED • COMPLIANCE DE JOUR (RULES) AND DE FACTO (PRACTICE)
MALAYSIA • PRE- FRA 1997: MICPA AND MIA • MICPA SINCE 1975 • ADOPTED IAS • 1987 MIA ADOPTED MICPA’S PRONOUNCEMENTS • POST FRA:MASB STANDARDS • PERS • SME • ISLAMIC
IS IFRS APPLICABLE TO ALL ENTITIES? • DO WE NEED DIFFERENT STANDARDS • MASB: LEAVE IT TO NATIONAL JURISDICTION TO DECIDE WHETHER SME’S SHOULD HAVE DIFFERENT SET OF STANDARDS • PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY
MASB • HOW ACTIVE ARE WE? • DO WE PROVIDE TIMELY INPUT? • INVOLVEMENT IN PRELIMINARY VIEWS, DISCUSSION PAPERS, EXPOSURE DRAFTS • WONG REPORT (IFAC 2004): TO ACHIEVE INTERNATIONAL CONVERGENCE, ACTION IS NECESSARY AT ALL POINTS
TRAFFIC FLOW TO CITY 7-9 A.M SELAYANG, RAWANG SETAPAK PUSAT BANDAR KAJANG, SERDANG PJ, SHAH ALAM
EU JAPAN,KOREA IFRS AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND MALAYSIA
AIR ASIA 2006 ACCOUNTS • OVERDUE CAUSED BY NEW STANDARDS ON TAXATION • COMPLIANCE WITH FRS 112 ADOPTED BY MASB HAS DISTORTED ITS ACCOUNTS • 2 SETS OF ACCOUNTS: MASB AND IFRS • BAD ADVERTISING FOR MALAYSIA
AIR ASIA • DESPITE SHIFT TO GLOBAL STANDARDS, THERE IS ROOM FOR INTEPRETATION BECAUSE ECONOMIC CONDITIONS VARY FROM PLACE TO PLACE • AIR ASIA: PARA 36 IS INCONSISTENT WITH THE EQUIVALENT OF IFRS. • MASB: WE PUT IN PARA 36 TO SUIT MALAYSIAN CONTEXT (STAR BIZWEEK 18/11/06)
CONCLUSION • CONVERGENCE IS A PROCESS • TAKES TIME • DIFFERENT FORM, PACE AND OUTCOMES • ALL STANDARDS, SOME ONLY • COMMITMENT, FULL ADOPTION, HARMONISATION