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Development system

This article delves into the fundamental questions that developmental biology seeks to answer, such as how cells differentiate, how complex structures are formed, and what controls the behavior of individual cells. It discusses the role of gene regulatory networks, embryonic development, and the influence of evolutionary changes. The article also explores various mechanisms involved in development, including morphogens, cell signaling pathways, and gene regulatory interactions.

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Development system

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  1. Development system 5-2-2016

  2. Type of questions developmental biology seeks to answer • How do cells arising from a fertilized egg become different from one another?(differentiation) • How do cells become organized into complex structures such as limbs? (patterning and morphogenesis) • What controls the behavior of individual cells such that these highly organized patterns emerge? • How are the organizing principles of development embedded within the egg, and within the DNA? • How have changes in developmental program and in gene expression, led to the evolution of the great diversity of animal forms? (EVO-DEVO)

  3. Gene regulatory networks for development PNAS 102: 4936–4942; 2005

  4. Are all embryos looks similar?

  5. Historical origin of developmental biology

  6. A Hierarchy of Inductive Interactions Subdivides the Vertebrate Embryo

  7. Hox Genes Permanently Pattern the A-P Axis What is the regulatory role of Ubx in development?

  8. The Developmental Potential of Cells Becomes Progressively Restricted

  9. Regulatory DNA Seems Largely Responsible for the Differences Between Animal Species

  10. Through Combinatorial Control and Cell Memory, Simple Signals Can Generate Complex Patterns

  11. Two different types of development program British vs American

  12. Small Numbers of Conserved Cell–Cell Signaling Pathways Coordinate Spatial Patterning

  13. Morphogens Are Long-Range Inductive Signals That Exert Graded Effects

  14. Morphogens Are Long-Range Inductive Signals That Exert Graded Effects Production (pulse or steady state), diffusion (fast or slow) and degradation (half life( determine the range and steepness of its resulting gradient

  15. Lateral Inhibition Can Generate Patterns of Different Cell Types

  16. Short-Range Activation and Long-Range Inhibition Can Generate Complex Cellular Patterns

  17. Asymmetric Cell Division Can Also Generate Diversity

  18. Initial Patterns Are Established in Small Fields of Cells and Refined by Sequential Induction as the Embryo Grows

  19. Different Animals Use Different Mechanisms to Establish Their Primary Axes of Polarization

  20. Studies in Drosophila Have Revealed the Genetic Control Mechanisms Underlying Development

  21. Egg-Polarity Genes Encode Macromolecules Deposited in the Egg to Organize the Axes of the Early Drosophila Embryo

  22. Egg-Polarity Genes Encode Macromolecules Deposited in the Egg to Organize the Axes of the Early Drosophila Embryo

  23. Three Groups of Genes Control Drosophila Segmentation Along the A-P Axis

  24. Three Groups of Genes Control Drosophila Segmentation Along the A-P Axis

  25. A Hierarchy of Gene Regulatory Interactions Subdivides the Drosophila Embryo

  26. A Hierarchy of Gene Regulatory Interactions Subdivides the Drosophila Embryo

  27. Egg-Polarity, Gap, and Pair-Rule Genes Create a Transient Pattern That Is Remembered by Segment-Polarity and Hox Genes

  28. A Competition Between Secreted Signaling Proteins Patterns the Vertebrate Embryo

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