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Figurative Language

Figurative Language. AP English Lit. & Comp. Figurative Language. Expressions that picture, describe, or discuss one thing by figuring it in terms of something else. It is communication via comparison.

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Figurative Language

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  1. Figurative Language AP English Lit. & Comp.

  2. Figurative Language • Expressions that picture, describe, or discuss one thing by figuring it in terms of something else. • It is communication via comparison. • Can make an unfamiliar thing or idea more familiar by comparing it to something we all know. • Can give familiar things or ideas new and surprising meaning by comparing it to something unusual.

  3. Metaphor • Carrying out an implied change. • “All the world’s a stage/And all the men and women merely players.” – Shakespeare’s As You Like It • Sometimes a metaphor is developed further later in a work – that is an “extended metaphor” • When an author uses a metaphor through an entire poem, it is called a “controlling metaphor”

  4. Similie • Direct comparison using the words like or as. • “Life, like a dome of many-colored glass/Stains the white radiance of Eternity.” - Percey Shelley, Adonais

  5. Personification • Giving human attributes to non-humans • “O! how shall summer’s honey breath hold out/Against the wrackful siege of batt’ring days.” - Shakespeare “Sonnet”

  6. Apostrophe • Addressing and inanimate object as though it could answer • “Break, break, break,/On thy cold grey stones, O Sea!” - Alfred Lord Tennyson, “Break, Break, Break”

  7. Synechdoche • Use of part to describe the whole

  8. Paradox • Implied contradictions • “I, a child, very old.” - Walt Whitman

  9. Oxymoron • Condensed form of paradox. Two contradictions used together • “Parting is such sweet sorrow.” - Shakespeare, Romeo & Juliet

  10. Pun • Play on words often creating humor through a word’s multiple meanings • “Bravery runs in my family.” - A. A. Ammons

  11. Hyperbole • Intentional exaggeration for effect – overstatement • “I will love thee still, my dear / Till a’ the seas dry”- Robert Burns, “My Love is Like a Red, Red Rose”

  12. Understatement • Opposite of overstatement; deliberate underrating for emphasis • “The grave’s a fine and private place / But none, I think, do there embrace.” - Andrew Marvell, “To His Coy Mistress”

  13. Anaphora • “Carry again, repeat”; repeating the same word for effect • “Of the bells, bells, bells, bells -/ Of the bells, the bells, bells, bells/ Bells, bells, bells / To the rhyming and the chiming of the bells!” - Edgar Allen Poe, “The Bells”

  14. Allusion • An indirect reference to something else

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