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Lewis Hine, 1874 –1940, USA, Steamfitter, 1920. Gelatin silver print, 24.2 cm ×17.8 cm.

Leftover from last session: Examining the exam…. Q 1: How does Lewis Hine’s photograph, Steamfitter, 1920 represent social attitudes to progress?. Note: This is an example of a “Question 1” from a past HSC Paper. You would have 10 minutes to answer it, and it would be worth 5 marks.

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Lewis Hine, 1874 –1940, USA, Steamfitter, 1920. Gelatin silver print, 24.2 cm ×17.8 cm.

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  1. Leftover from last session: Examining the exam… Q 1: How does Lewis Hine’s photograph, Steamfitter, 1920 represent social attitudes to progress? Note: This is an example of a “Question 1” from a past HSC Paper. You would have 10 minutes to answer it, and it would be worth 5 marks. Lewis Hine, 1874 –1940, USA, Steamfitter, 1920. Gelatin silver print, 24.2 cm ×17.8 cm.

  2. Tom Roberts (Australian, 1856 – 1931)Shearing the Rams, 1899-90, oil on canvas On composition board, 122 x 183cm

  3. THE BODY IV – CUBES & COLLAGES Artists have always been influenced by other artists. Using our Conceptual Framework, we could say that the ‘world’ of an artist includes work by other artists, because artists are always looking at art.In this course we have seen artists referring to earlier art. << Eduard Manet, Olympia, 1863 >>> Titian, Venus of Urbino, 1538 <<Courbet, Burial at Ornans, 1849-50 >>>example of a frieze from a Classical Roman building

  4. Likewise, the art of Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in France between 1907-14 was very influential. They started the Movement called Cubism. Picasso and Braque were themselves influenced by the art of ‘primitive’ cultures that the French had colonised, such as Africa. Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881–1973)LesDemoiselles D’Avignon (The Young Ladies of Avignon) 1907, oil on canvas, 244 x 234 cm Georges Braque (French, 1882 – 1963) Big Nude, 1907-8, oil on canvas, 140 x 101cm

  5. Why this fragmentation? It was inspired by other artists, other cultures, and also the Modern city, with bits of structures visible all around us: bright colours; signage; sky scrapers; photographs of scenes taken from aircraft, which was a new thing early in the 20th century. An influence on the Cubists: Paul Cezanne, Portrait of a Farmer, 1901-6, oil on canvas, 64 x 54cm Fernand Léger (French, 1881–1955) The Bargeman, 1918, oil on canvas, 49 x 54 cm)

  6. Marcel Duchamp (France 1887 – 1968) Nudedescending a staircase No. 2, 1912, oil on canvas, 147 x 89cm Duchamp’s work was influenced by Cubist ideas. He was also inspired by the work of Eadweard Muybridge, who did many studies of humans and animals in motion in the late 19th cent (before the invention of the movie camera.) Each image is from a still camera, a whole bunch of them firing in sequence. These images allowed people to see clearly for the first time how we move in space. It also proved for the first time that a horse at full gallop actually has all 4 feet off the ground at some stage.

  7. Apart from their Cubism, Picasso and Braque broke new ground with another artmaking technique which is now totally common and widespread: collage. Collage(literally, “glueing”) was a radical step. It involved using some other medium – here, scraps of newspaper – and gluing them onto the support (that is, the material that the artwork was created upon.) What effect does this have – this sticking different stuff on to the surface of an artwork? Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881–1973) Man with a Hat and a Violin, 1912, newspaper, charcoal, on two joined sheets of paper 125 x 48 cm

  8. Collage involves gluing paper, textiles, wallpapers, bus tickets or even objects onto the 2-D surface of an artwork. Cubism AND collage both had the effect of flattening the depth of the painting, so that the surface of the work becomes more apparent. Cubism and collage worked in together. Juan Gris, (Spanish, 1887 – 1927) Breakfast, 1914, collage, crayon and oil on canvas, 80 x 59cm.

  9. Picasso, Still life with chair caning, 1912. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=286FiUvOeFs&list=PL2D885F5ED630353D&index=9&feature=plpp_video Items used in collage (e.g. newspaper) and collages of photographic items (called photomontage) were themselves copies of things. Collage raised questions about reality; illusions; originality. Collages also questioned the traditional skills involved with artmaking, as there was no technical skill involved with cutting and glueing things down. Also, things that were collaged (and similarly, Cubist works) didn’t necessarily ACTUALLY LOOK LIKE the subject.They represented the object in a more abstract sense ( just as text represents a word.) This was happening for the first time and was shocking and confusing to many.

  10. Examples of figuration influenced by Primitivism and Cubism. Amedeo Modigliani (Italian, 1884–1920) Woman’s Head, 1912, limestone, 69 x 24 x 25 cm) ConstantinBrancusi(Romania 1876 – 1957) The Kiss, 1916, limestone, 58 x 34 x 25 cm)

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