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ESIP Federation Summer Meeting 2008 Durham, New Hampshire Carbon Cycle Cluster Carbon Management Led by Ed Sheffner E

ESIP Federation Session on Carbon Management. Cluster Session Objectives:Carbon management update: NASA/ARCAgency PresentationsDOE/ORNL on DAAC activitiesOther agenciesDevelopment of a vision statement for the cluster. ESIP Fed. and Carbon Management. Responses to climate change:Mitigation

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ESIP Federation Summer Meeting 2008 Durham, New Hampshire Carbon Cycle Cluster Carbon Management Led by Ed Sheffner E

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    2. ESIP Federation Session on Carbon Management Cluster Session Objectives: Carbon management update: NASA/ARC Agency Presentations DOE/ORNL on DAAC activities Other agencies Development of a vision statement for the cluster

    3. ESIP Fed. and Carbon Management Responses to climate change: Mitigation: actions to reduce or reverse the drivers of global warming Reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions Increase long term GHG sequestration Adaptation: actions to plan for and reduce the impact of global warming Predict, and plan for, ecological changes and impacts.

    4. North America is currently a net carbon source.

    5. Carbon Management Who leads - Who Follows Mitigation and adaptation responses are led at the national and state levels. To date, national responses are typically voluntary; states are defining and implementing mandatory actions. National responses: Federal actions are focused on research - drivers and impacts of climate change; carbon sources, sinks and fluxes at all scales, etc, and volutary actions such as 1605B. Non-governmental national initiatives, such as the Chicago Climate Exchange, are voluntary, market driven systems that may become broader and mandatory in the future. State/regional/local responses: State governments, acting alone or in voluntary associations, are leading efforts in the US.

    6. Carbon Management National Response: Chicago Climate Exchange http://www.chicagoclimatex.com/ “The world’s first and North America’s only active voluntary, legally binding, integrated trading system to reduce emissions of all six major greenhouse gases (GHGs), with offset projects worldwide.” …”the only active standardized system in North America requiring a rigorous level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting, verification and compliance.” “CCX issues tradable Carbon Financial Instrument (CFI™) contracts to owners or aggregators of eligible projects on the basis of sequestration, destruction or displacement of GHG emissions. Eligible projects include: agricultural methane, landfill methane, coal mine methane, agricultural and rangeland soil carbon, forestry and renewable energy.”

    7. Carbon Management National Response: Chicago Climate Exchange Specifications for soil carbon management offset - conservation tillage Minimum five year contractual commitment to continuous no-till or striptill (conservation tillage) on enrolled acres. Tillage practice must leave at least two-thirds of the soil surface undisturbed and at least two-thirds of the residue remaining on the field surface. CCX CFI contracts are issued for conservation tillage at a rate between 0.2 and 0.6 metric tons CO2 per acre per year. Carbon sequestration projects must be enrolled through a CCX registered Offset Aggregator. All projects subject to independent verification.

    14. Carbon Management State Response: Individual and Collective Action Examples of state associations: Western Regional Climate Initiative (WCI): Arizona, California, New Mexico, Oregon and Washington http://www.westernclimateinitiative.org/ Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) - Nine Northeastern states http://www.rggi.org/about.htm Common element among these associations is a cap and trade approach.

    15. Western Regional Climate Action Initiative April ‘07 WCI Objectives: Set an overall regional goal within six months to reduce emissions from member states collectively, and consistent with state-by-state goals. Develop within 18 months a design for a regional market based multi-sector mechanism, such as a load-based cap and trade program to achieve the regional GHG reduction goal. Participate in a multi-state GHG registry to enable tracing, management and crediting for entities that reduce GHG emissions, consistent with state GHG reporting mechanisms and requirements.

    16. Western Climate Initiative - Current Participants

    17. NASA Impact on AB32 Source: http://www.climatechange.ca.gov/background/index.html

    18. California AB32 Requires the Air Resources Board to: Establish a statewide GHG emissions cap for 2020, based on 1990 emissions by January 1, 2008. Adopt mandatory reporting rules for significant sources of greenhouse gases by January 1, 2008. Adopt a plan by January 1, 2009 indicating how emission reductions will be achieved from significant GHG sources via regulations, market mechanisms and other actions. Adopt regulations by January 1, 2011 to achieve the maximum technologically feasible and cost-effective reductions in GHGs, including provisions for using both market mechanisms and alternative compliance mechanisms.

    19. California AB32 Requires the Air Resources Board to: (Continued) Convene an Environmental Justice Advisory Committee and an Economic and Technology Advancement Advisory Committee to advise ARB. Ensure public notice and opportunity for comment for all ARB actions. Prior to imposing any mandates or authorizing market mechanisms, requires ARB to evaluate several factors, including but not limited to: impacts on California’s economy, the environment, and public health; equity between regulated entities; electricity reliability, conformance with other environmental laws, and to ensure that the rules do not disproportionately impact low-income communities. Adopt a list of discrete, early action measures by July 1, 2007 that can be implemented before January 1, 2010 and adopt such measures.

    20. Key elements of ARB’s preliminary (June 2008) recommendation for reducing California’s greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by 2020 include: Expansion and strengthening of existing energy efficiency programs and building and appliance standards; Expansion of the Renewables Portfolio Standard to 33%; Development of a California cap-and-trade program that links with other WCI Partner programs to create a regional market system; Implementation of existing state laws and policies, including California’s clean car standards, goods movement measures, and the Low Carbon Fuel Standard; Targeted fees to fund the State’s long-term commitment to AB 32 administration.

    21. Table 2 in Draft Plan

    22. Other Info on State GHG Reduction Programs Pew Center for Global Climate Change: http://www.pewclimate.org/states.cfm?ID=52

    23. ASCENDS Mission: (Active Sensing of CO2 Emissions Over Nights, Days and Seasons) A NASA Decadal Survey Mission to produce global column CO2 measurements using laser remote sensing of CO2 and O2. Mission goals: Quantify global spatial distributions of atmospheric CO2 on scales of weather models in the 2010-2020 era; Quantify current global spatial distribution of terrestrial and oceanic sources and sinks of CO2 on 1ş x 1ş grids at weekly resolution; ? Provide a scientific basis for future projections of CO2 sources and sinks through data-driven enhancements of Earth system process modeling.

    24. ASCENDS Mission Workshop Planning workshop for ASCENDS: July 23-25, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Workshop information: http://cce.nasa.gov/ascends/index.htm Goals: Discuss and refine the science goals for active CO2 measurements from space; Discuss the merits and limitations of potential measurement strategies to achieve these science goals; Define and refine the links between the open science questions and the measurement requirements; Identify requirements for technological development to insure mission success; Identify and prioritize science requirements, summarize open questions, and recommend further studies needed to further the readiness of the ASCENDS mission.

    25. DESDynI Mission: (Deformation, Ecosystem Structure and Dynamics of Ice) A NASA Decadal Survey Mission to study hazards and global environmental change using InSAR and LIDAR Mission goals: Determine the likelihood of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. ? Predict the response of ice sheets to climate change and impact on the sea level. ? Characterize the effects of changing climate and land use on species habitats and carbon budget. ? Monitor the migration of fluids associated with hydrocarbon production and groundwater resources. Mission Information: http://desdyni.jpl.nasa.gov/

    26. OCO Mission: (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) A NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP) mission to collect precise measurements of CO2 in the atmosphere. Launch date: January 15, 2009. (Same date as GOSAT: http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/gosat/index_e.html) OCO will be the leading platform in the “A Train” ahead of Aqua. Two year mission life. • Mission Information: http://oco.jpl.nasa.gov/ OCO will observe three spectral bands for CO2 and one band for O2. Three modes of operation - nadir, glint and target. Products: calibrated radiances and geolocated XCO2 available 30 days after collection (starting summer 2009).

    27. END Ed Sheffner Earth Science Division - NASA Ames Research Center edwin.j.sheffner@nasa.gov 650-604-5899

    28. Western Climate Initiative ECONOMIC ANALYSIS TEAM???Public Input Opportunities:?Access Numbers for?All Stakeholder Calls / Webinars:?Toll free?telephone?call-in number: 1-800-868-1837?Direct dial: 1-404-920-6440?Public Participant Code: 659537 #?Link for Webinar:? https://www.accuconference.com?????????/customer/join/ ????? There are 2 boxes to fill in:? One for your name????? One to enter?your?Participant Code: 659537?? Upcoming?Economic Modeling Team Stakeholder Webinar/Teleconference: ?Monday, July 21, 2008????? Topic: Present initial Phase 2 results using updated model inputs and reflecting stakeholder comments?? Time: 8:30 to 10:00am (Pacific); 9:30 to 11:00am (Mountain) Future Economic Modeling Team Stakeholder Input Opprotunities: ?WORKSHOP PARTICIPATION:?Stakeholder Workshop, San Diego: Tuesday, July 29, 2008??- Present Phase 2 model results http://www.westernclimateinitiative.org/Economic_Analysis.cfm for more information

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