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Maths – How do we learn?

Maths – How do we learn?. Calculation Strategies. The Four Operations. The four operations in calculations are grouped into Adding, Subtracting, Multiplying and dividing. Number Lines. We use number lines in all four operations. We start with numbered lines like this one –

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Maths – How do we learn?

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  1. Maths – How do we learn? Calculation Strategies

  2. The Four Operations • The four operations in calculations are grouped into Adding, Subtracting, Multiplyingand dividing

  3. Number Lines We use number lines in all four operations. We start with numbered lines like this one – 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

  4. Number lines Then we move on to blank number lines, like this one – Children add on their own numbers to solve calculation problems.

  5. Adding Children begin in EYFS and Key Stage 1 by adding real objects, such as cubes. They combine sets and count the total. Count 4 cakes. Count 3 cakes. How many altogether? + =

  6. Adding We then move on to using number lines and counting up. 14 + 5 = 19 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 14 19

  7. Partitioning Next we learn to partition – split the number into tens and units – to add. What is 72 + 14? T U 70 2 10 4 70+10= 80 2+4= 6 80+6=86

  8. Adding by Partitioning Now we can add by partitioning – 86 + 57 = +50 +4 +3 86 136 140 143

  9. Adding by Partitioning Or by rounding then adjusting 754 + 96 (rounding and adjusting) +100 -4 754 850 854

  10. Column Addition Finally, we move on to adding in columns, using place value. HTU ThHTU 597 7648 + 475 and + 1486 12 160 9134 9001 1 1 1072

  11. Subtracting We begin by ‘taking away’, ‘counting back’ and seeing ‘how many left.’ We made 6 mince pies. We ate 2. How many mince pies are left? x x x x x x

  12. Subtracting (number lines) We can use a number line to count back. 22 – 7 = -5 -2 15 20 22

  13. Subtracting (number lines) In Key Stage 2, we count UP the number line to find the difference. What is the difference between 34 and 72? +30 +8 34 64 72

  14. Subtracting with columns First we use partitioning and subtract hundreds, tens and units. 754 – 286 = H T U 700 + 50 + 4 - 200 + 80 + 6 700 + 40 + 14 - 200 + 80 + 6 600 + 140 + 14 - 200 + 80 + 6 400 + 60 + 8 400 + 60 + 8 = 468

  15. Subtracting with ‘exchanging’ 5 13 1 6 4 6 7 - 2 6 8 4 3 7 8 3

  16. Multiplying Again, multiplication begins with drawings and practical activities. How many is three lots of 2? x x x x x x

  17. Multiplying Now we use the number line for repeated addition. I have 4 5p coins, how much is that? x1 x2 x3 x4 0 5p 10p 15p 20p

  18. Multiplying using arrays 3 x 4 = 12 4 x 3 = 12

  19. The Grid Method We can partition to multiply using a grid, like this – 72 x 38 = 70 2 30 2100 60 8 560 16

  20. Column Method for x 4346 x 8 48 320 2400 32000 34768

  21. Dividing Division starts with practical sharing - If I share my 12 sweets between 3 people, how many do they each get?

  22. Division with number lines Number lines are also used to count up in division. A baker bakes 24 buns. She puts 6 in every box. How many boxes can she fill? x1 x2 x3 x4 0 6 12 18 24

  23. Division with remainders Finally, we can jump in groups and record remainders on the number line. What is 42 divided by 4? 10 groups (Remainders) x10 +1 +1 0 40 41 42

  24. Grid method and Chunking • http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-18147368

  25. Helping your child with maths • As with reading, try to make maths as much fun as possible - games, puzzles and jigsaws are a great way to start. It's also important to show how we use maths skills in our everyday lives and to involve your child in this. • Identifying problems and solving them can also help your child develop maths skills. If you see him or her puzzling over something, talk about the problem and try to work out the solution together. • Don't shy away from maths if you didn’t like it at school. Try to find new ways to enjoy the subject with your child. • Tips for helping your child to enjoy maths: • Point out the different shapes to be found around your home. • Take your child shopping and talk about the quantities of anything you buy. • Let your child handle money and work out how much things cost. • Look together for numbers on street signs and car registration plates.

  26. And Finally... It is vitally important that children understand the order and value of numbers in context. There are many opportunities for counting, adding and subtracting in real life – please use them! If you have any questions then don’t hesitate to ask! Let’s go and see some Maths in action!

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