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ALCOHOLS PHENOL ETHERS

ALCOHOLS PHENOL ETHERS. Alcohols and Ethers can be regarded as derivatives of water in which one or two of the H atoms has been replaced by an alkyl group. Saturated molecules are sp 3 hybridized. TATA NAMA. Rantai utama adalah rantai karbon terpanjang yang mengandung –OH

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ALCOHOLS PHENOL ETHERS

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  1. ALCOHOLS PHENOL ETHERS

  2. Alcohols and Ethers can be regarded as derivatives of water in which one or two of the H atoms has been replaced by an alkyl group Saturated molecules are sp3 hybridized

  3. TATA NAMA Rantai utama adalah rantai karbon terpanjang yang mengandung –OH Nama alkohol dinamai dengan nama alkana dengan mengganti akhiran -a dengan -ol Posisi gugus –OH diberi nomor • CH3OH: metanol = metilalkohol • CH3CH2OH: etanol = etilalkohol • CH3CH2CH2OH : 1-propanol = n-propilalkohol • : 2-propanol = isopropilalkohol • : 2-metil-1-propanol = isobutilalkohol

  4. Letakgugus -OH menunjukkanderajatalkoholnya • Alkohol 1 • ALKOHOL 2 • ALKOHOL 3

  5. Polyhydroxy alcohols are alcohols that possess more than one hydroxyl group 1,2,3-Propanetriol (glycerol) 1,2-Ethanediol (ethylene glycol) 1,2-Propanediol (propylene glycol) Extremely Toxic Harmless

  6. SIFAT FISIK Methanol and Ethanol are classed as Polar Molecules (Hydrophilic) Alcohols are found to have much higher boiling point than those of alkanes or haloalkanes in homologues series Hydrogen Bonding Electronegativity of oxygen causes an unsymmetrical distribution of charge They are Soluble in Water

  7. As R-group increases in size, so does the solubility in non-polar solvents As the number –OHs increases so does solubility in water Bpt increase with chain length and number of –OHs Methanol, CH3OH Ethanol, CH3OH • Solvent in varnishes, paint • Racing Car Fuel (easy to put out flames) • Highly Toxic • Drinking Alcohol • 50% Ethanol is flammable

  8. Alcohols are very weak Acids

  9. PEMBUATAN ALKOHOL • Hidrasikatalisisdarialkena (prosesindustri) • Fermentasigulamenggunakankatalisenzim

  10. Ethanol content • Beer, 3-9% • Wine, 11-13% • Whisky, 40-45% • Vanilla Extracts, 35% • Night Nurse, 25% • Listerine, 25%

  11. Phenols are stronger acids than alcohols

  12. ETHERS, RO-OR 1-Propoxypropane Methoxycyclohexane Methoxybenzene (anisole) Cyclic Ethers

  13. SIFAT FISIK • Boiling point are similar to alkanes • No H-bonding to one another • Soluble in water (H-bonding to water) • Polar • Flammable – Ether can cause flash fires • Low Reactivity – Make Good Reaction Solvents

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