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The tension of Open Access: how not-for-profit publishers are reacting

The tension of Open Access: how not-for-profit publishers are reacting. Sally Morris Chief Executive, Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers. What is ALPSP?. The international trade association for not-for-profit publishers and those who work with them

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The tension of Open Access: how not-for-profit publishers are reacting

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  1. The tension of Open Access:how not-for-profit publishers are reacting Sally Morris Chief Executive, Association of Learned and Professional Society Publishers

  2. What is ALPSP? • The international trade association for not-for-profit publishers and those who work with them • Over 300 members in over 30 countries • Representation, advocacy, research, professional development, information, advice, good practice guidelines, collective initiatives

  3. What do I mean by not-for-profit publishers? • Learned societies, professional associations • University presses • Non-governmental organisations, charities… • Nearly 50% of journals in Ulrich’s published by NFPs • Many more published by commercial publishers on behalf of NFPs

  4. What’s different about NFP publishers? • Higher citations, lower prices • Most NFPs do make money • ‘it’s what you do with it that counts’ • NFPs do not pay taxes, or distribute dividends

  5. What do NFP publishers do with publishing surpluses? • Societies support their community through: • Conferences, research funding and grants, bursaries • Public education • Support of the society itself • University Presses support their university

  6. What do I mean by Open Access? • Unrestricted free access to research articles for everyone • Ways of achieving this: • Self-archiving • Personal, institutional, subject-based • Preprints, postprints, final published version • Open Access publishing • Delayed OA • Optional/hybrid OA • Full, immediate OA

  7. What problem is Open Access trying to solve? • Library funding crisis? • Inability of the ‘taxpayer’ to access research? • Inability of scholars to access all research?

  8. Why might NFP publishers support Open Access? • In keeping with mission to disseminate subject • In keeping with public education mission • Should scale with research funding (unlike library budgets)

  9. Why might NFP publishers worry about Open Access? • Is it viable? • Do authors want it? • If not, enforced adoption could destroy valuable journals • If yes, many experts predict reduction in profitability – direct effect on activities which benefit community

  10. What are NFP publishers doing about it? 1 – Self-archiving • ALPSP research (2003) showed 34% of publishers permitted preprint archiving, 60% postprint/published version • No difference between commercial and NFP • ROMEO project found very similar figures • Elsevier’s recent change of policy – now >80% of journals

  11. What are NFP publishers doing about it? 2 – OA publishing Delayed OA • 9% in ALPSP study, predominantly NFP • Increased since publication of DC principles • Partial/hybrid OA • Numerous experiments • Almost all NFP before Springer Open Choice • Full, immediate OA • Over 1200 journals in DOAJ • Mostly NFP apart from BioMed Central

  12. What happens next? • Things won’t change unless scholars change their behaviour • Do they want to? Should they be forced to? • Self-archiving is dependent on journals – but it could ultimately damage or destroy them • Is that what scholars want? • We need to know if OA publishing is viable • ALPSP/AAAS/HighWire research - financial and non-financial effects of each type of OA publishing

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