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Marc Daniel Skibsted Volhardt

Processes in Danish spoken language – and differences between older and younger Copenhagen speech. Marc Daniel Skibsted Volhardt. The informants. Both informants are from the greater Copenhagen area.

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Marc Daniel Skibsted Volhardt

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  1. Processes in Danish spoken language– and differences between older and younger Copenhagen speech Marc Daniel Skibsted Volhardt

  2. The informants • Both informants are from the greater Copenhagen area. • The younger voice belongs to a woman who speaks with a typical accent of younger people from the capital area. • The older voice belongs to a man who speaks typical older version, closer to the traditional “High Copenhagen” sociolect. • And myself: maximum distinctive pronunciation

  3. Vowel length before consonantal vocoids • A vocoid is a sound produced with no obstruction through the vocal tract. • In Danish we find the following consonantal vocoids: • [ɪ̯] from syllable final /-j/ or /-ɡ/: jeg ‘I’ • [ʊ̯] from syllable final /-v/ or /-ɡ/ or /-j/: lav ‘low’ • [ɐ̯] from syllable final /-r/: fjor ‘last year’ • [ð̞] from syllable final /-d/: sød ‘sweet’

  4. Vowel length before consonantal vocoids– older speaker røvernes »the burglars’« – [ˈʁœːvɐnəs] ([v]!)

  5. Vowel length before consonantal vocoids– younger speaker røvernes »the burglars’« – [ˈʁœwɐnəs]

  6. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ] • In younger Copenhagen Danish the ‘soft d’ is outstandingly velarised, thus further narrowly transcribed as [ð̞ˠ]. • This velarisation affects especially front high and mid high vowels. For example, [i] sounds rounded, [y], or rather centralised, [ɨ].

  7. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ]– my own max. dist. pronunciation side ‘side’ – [ˈsiːðə]

  8. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ]– my own max. dist. pronunciation tidligere‘earlier’ – [ˈtˢiðlijˀəʁə]

  9. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ]– older speaker tidligere ‘earlier’ – [ˈtˢið̞liːˀɐ]

  10. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ]– younger speaker side ‘side’ – [ˈsVð̞ˠð̞ˠ̩ ]

  11. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ]– computer generated vowels

  12. Vowel quality before velarised [ð̞ˠ]– the formants

  13. Half vowel deletion • The following examples show how the “half vowel” [j] is deleted between a vowel and a schwa, [ə], in younger but not in older Copenhagen Standard Danish

  14. No half vowel deletion– older speaker lige (under) ‘right (under)’ – [ˈliːjə]

  15. Half vowel deletion present– younger speaker lige (over) ‘right (above)’ – [ˈliːi]

  16. Thanks for listening(here are all the lengths and schwas we lost) ː ː ə ː ː ə ː ː ə ː ə ː ː ə ː ə ː ə ː ə ə ə ə ː ə

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