Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Summary of link experiments and MSK-based preliminary proposal for Multi-GB/s communications at 60GHz] Date Submitted: [13 March, 2007] Source: [Troy Beukema, Brian Floyd, Brian Gaucher, Yasunao Katayama, Scott Reynolds, Alberto Valdes-Garcia] Company [IBM Research] Address [1101 Kitchawan Rd. Rte. 134, MS:30-116] Voice:[+914-945-2598], E-Mail:[avaldes@us.ibm.com] Re: [Request of contributions for the 802.15.3c subgroup Abstract: [Results for 60GHz Gb/s link experiments using OFDM-QPSK, DQPSK and QFSK are summarized. An MSK-based system is proposed for usage model 5, link budget analysis and TX measurement results are included]. Purpose: [For discussion only] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. Outline • 60GHz link experiments at IBM Research • OFDM-QPSK • DQPSK • QFSK • MSK-based proposal introduction • Concept and implementation • Application to usage model 5 • 60GHZ MSK TX measurement results • Summary

3. Receiver 10m Transmitter 60-GHz QPSK-OFDM Link Experiment at 630Mbps Receivedconstellation 60GHz Tx Module 60GHz Rx Module ARB PCA/D 7dBi pk.gain • Rx/Tx modules used with 700Ms/s ADC & software radio. • QPSK-OFDM modulation (.11a). • ≤10% packet-error rate* reached at 630Mbps, 10m  sensitivity. • Link budget corroborated. • Sensitivity = -68dBm at 630M. • Range at 1Gbps = 8m 630MbpsQPSK-OFDM 10m separation *802.11a standard convention.

4. 100 10Mb/s, 75m 100Mb/s, 25m 630Mb/s, 10m 10 Range (m) 1Gb/s, 8m 1Gb/s, 4m Range, 7dBi Range, 7dBi, 6dB down Measured Range 1 10M 100M 1G Data Rate (bps) Link Budget for QPSK-OFDM

5. High-Definition Wireless Video Link (1080i) at 2 Gb/s, DQPSK • Joint experiment with Sanyo to implement 60-GHz wireless HDMI (2Gb/s) link. • Implemented link with 60-G Rx/Tx boards, external ADC, and FPGA boards. • Sanyo provided modulator and demodulator for FPGA. • IBM provided 60G radios, error correction, and video retrieval code. HD Camera (1080i HD-SDI) BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:Video Recovery BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:EncoderDQPSK Modulator Neptune ADC Board:6bit, 2GS/s ADCsXilinx FPGA: Demodulator 60GHz Transmitter 60GHz Receiver 1-3 meters

6. 60GHz FM wireless link system • QFSK can be generated by the FPGA, driving the I/Q baseband inputs of the Tx IC • QFSK can be detected by a conventional FM detector in the Rx IC • The detected data signal can drive the FPGA directly, no ADC or digital demodulator is required.

7. High-Definition Wireless Video Link (1080i) at 2 Gb/s, QFSK w/ FM Detection • Same video encoding and Xilinx FPGA as QPSK system. • QFSK generated from FPGA code. • FM discriminator output is amplified by the Rx IC baseband VGA, which drives the rocket I/O on the FPGA directly. • An MSK link would be similar, while giving improved spectral efficiency, a constant envelope signal, and cleaner received eye diagram. HD Camera (1080i HD-SDI) BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:Video Recovery BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:EncoderQFSK Modulator No ADC 1-3 m 60GHz Transmitter 60GHz Receiver

8. Summary of Link Experiments • All used +7 dBi gain planar folded dipole antenna on PCBs described earlier. • All used ≈ +10 dBm transmit power. • MSK link similar to QFSK; experiments are underway.

9. MSK System Overview • MSK attractive for high volume, low power, low cost “point-and-shoot” applications at multi-Gb/s • No ADC or high-speed digital baseband required, can make a low-power product today • We believe the standard should be defined to include both MSK and more complex modulation schemes • We are not opposed to other solutions and modulations; they will be essential for many applications. But we see MSK as an excellent choice for lowest power, reduced complexity and quick time to market

10. 60-GHz 60-GHz STB, Game Console Mobile Storage Device, PDA Movie and Game Kiosk Ref: IEEE Doc 15-06-0369-09-003c Mandatory 60-GHz Usage Model 5: Wireless Kiosk • Rate ~ 1-3 Gb/s burst data • Range ~ 1m • MSK is an excellent choice for this mandatory usage model due to its bandwidth efficiency and ease of implementation • A power outlet operated receiver (kiosk, screen) can incorporate an equalizer for improved multi-path reception if required

11. Link Budget Analysis • The physical layer characteristics correspond to the measured performance of our chipset. • Data range can be further extended with higher gain antennas currently under development.

12. AM DET Receiver IF Amp LNA MUX RF In I / (AM Data) x3 ÷2 MUX BBVGA PFD CP LPF SERIAL INTERFACE FM DISCR DIV Q / (FM Data) clk MSKMOD x3 LVLDET ÷2 PFD CP LPF SERIAL INTERFACE DIV 60-GHz Transceiver Chipset Supporting Multiple Modulations • Technology • 0.13-mm SiGe BiCMOS • 5-layer metal • fT 200GHz • fMAX 270GHz • Freq. Plan (GHz) • RF 59-64 • IF 8.4-9.1 • VCO 16.8-18.3 IF Amp PA Driver RF Out I FSK/MSK Data Q ck Transmitter

13. Universal I/QInterface for Coherent Modulation Universal I/QInterface to ADC and Demodulator Rx IC Tx IC Demodulated Serial Data Serial Data to MSK / FSK Modulator Demodulator is 100µm x 200µm = 0.02 mm2 MSK modulator is 100µm x 100µm = 0.01 mm2 Very Low Overhead to Support MSK • Current transceiver implementation supports both an universal I/Q interface to support a variety of modulations as well as FSK/MSK modulation/demodulation capabilities. • From a radio perspective, the overhead to support MSK is negligible

14. Measurement results for 60GHz MSK transmitter • A transmitter with integrated MSK modulator has been tested. • 60GHz 1Gb/s MSK modulated spectrum is down-converted with an external mixer for measurement with an spectrum analyzer. • At 1dB compression point the side lobe rejection degrades by only about 1dB. • MSK link measurements will follow

15. MSK Summary • An MSK-based system for multi-GB/s comm. at 60GHz presents significant advantages (i.e. lower complexity and power consumption) in a directional channel • FM / FSK detector has been characterized in a 2-Gb/s 60-GHz video link • Integrated MSK Transmitter has been demonstrated • Full TX and RX with MSK mod / demod have been fabricated, characterization for a high data rate link will follow • We are not opposed to other solutions and modulations; they will be essential for many applications. But we see MSK as an excellent choice for lowest power and complexity, especially for usage model 5