1 / 13

Understanding Pollination Process: Importance of Floral Reproductive Organs

Learn about pollination, the role of flower organs in reproduction, methods of pollen transfer, and the crucial relationship between plants and pollinators. Explore how different animals aid in cross-pollination and the rewards they receive. Discover the fascinating strategies plants use to attract pollinators.

galvanj
Download Presentation

Understanding Pollination Process: Importance of Floral Reproductive Organs

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. What is pollination? • Pollination: The transfer of pollen from the male anther to the female stigma

  2. Function of flower • To attract pollinators with colorful petals, scent, nectar and pollen Carpel/

  3. Overview of floral organs

  4. Reproductive floral organs: female • Carpel or pistil – female reproductive organs; contains: • Stigma – is where pollen sticks to • Style – is the long tube that connects stigma to ovary • Ovary – enlarged structure at the base of carpel/pistil where the ovules are located; it will become the fruit. • Ovules – contains female gametophyte, becomes the seed. carpel or pistil ovary

  5. Reproductive floral organs: male • Stamen – male floral organ, consists of: • Anther – part of the stamen that produces pollen • Filament – stalk-like structure that holds anther • Pollen – immature male gametophyte

  6. How do plants get pollen from one plant to another? • Because plants are rooted in the ground, they must use different strategies: • WIND POLLINATION: • Gymnosperms and some flowering plants (grasses, trees) use wind pollination. • Flowers are small, grouped together • Not a very efficient method(too chancy and wasteful)

  7. ANIMALS • Many flowering plants rely on animals for cross-pollination: • Insects – bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, moths • Birds – hummingbirds, honey creepers • Mammals – bats, mice, monkeys • Even some reptiles and amphibians!

  8. Butterflies and moths • Also guided by sight and smell • Butterflies can see red and orangeflowers • Usually shaped as a long tube because of insect’sproboscis – to get nectar • Moth-pollinated flowersare usually white or pale,with sweet, strong odor – for night pollination.

  9. Flies and beetles • Flies like flowers that smelllike dung or rotten meat. • Lay their eggs there, but larvaedie due to lack of food • Beetles pollinate flowersthat are dull in color, buthave very strong odor

  10. Birds • Birds have a good senseof color, they like yellow orredflowers… • But birds do not have a goodsense of smell, so bird-pollinatedflowers usually have little odor. • Flowers provide fluid nectar ingreater quantities than insects • Hummingbird-pollinated flowersusually have long, tubular corolla • Pollen is large and sticky

  11. Mammals: bats and mice • Bats pollinate at night,so flowers are white • Mouse-pollinated flowersare usually inconspicuous,they open at night

  12. Why do animals pollinate plants? • They get a REWARD: food! In exchange for moving their pollen to another flower • Nectar – a sugary solution produced in special flower glands called nectaries • Nectar concentration matches energy requirements of the pollinator: bird- and bee-pollinated flowers have different sugar conc. • Pollen – is high in protein, some bees and beetles eat it. • Flowers can produce two kinds of pollen: a normal and a sterile, but tasty, kind, for the insect.

  13. Getting the pollinator’s attention • Plants advertise their pollen and nectar rewards with • Colors – bees see blue, yellow, UV; while birds see red. Bats don’t see well, so flowers are white. • Nectar or honey guides andAromas – for insects, nectar. Can also be carrion or dung smell

More Related