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The Male Genital System

The Male Genital System. LH – Leydig cells – testosterone – interstitial space FSH + testosterone – seminiferous tubules (spermatogonia) – spermatozoa Production of structurally abnormal spermatozoa and ratio N and AN. Penis and Prepuce. Hypoplasia after castration or intersex states

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The Male Genital System

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  1. The Male Genital System

  2. LH – Leydig cells – testosterone – interstitial space • FSH + testosterone – seminiferous tubules (spermatogonia) – spermatozoa • Production of structurally abnormal spermatozoa and ratio N and AN

  3. Penis and Prepuce • Hypoplasia after castration or intersex states • Supernumery and ectopic penis • Contraction of ischiocavernosus muscle allow arterial input to the corpus cavernosum and sponiosum, but occludes venous drainage • Rupture of corpus cavernosum causing hemorrhage • Vascular shunts from corpus cavernosum to the corpus spongiosum of the penis or peripenile vasculature • Rupture of corpus cavernosum in stallion

  4. Surgical Condition of Prepuce • Varicosities of preputal veins in stallion • Eversion of preputial mucosa • Paraphymosis – inability of penile retraction – trauma (inflammation or paralysis), tranquilizers

  5. Inflammation of the Penis and prepuce (Balanoposthitis) • Blanitis • Posthitis • Parainfluenza-3, herpes virus, Corynebacterium renale, Haemophilus somnus, fungi, mycoplasmas, Ureplasma diversum, Trypanosoma equiperdum • Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrations of preputial mucosa, varying type of exudate, necrotic mucosa, ulcers

  6. Testes • Hypoplasia – cryptorchidism, intersex states, chronic diseases, malnutrition, chromosomal anomalies • Degeneration – disturbed spermatogenesis – increases followed by decrease in size – ionizing radiation, cryptorchidal and ectopic testes, excessive scrotal fat, localized or systemic infections, general or specific nutritional deficiencies (vit. A, zinc), torsion of the cord, infarction, hormonal imbalances

  7. Orchitis • Interstitial – may not be recognized grossly, microscopically infiltrations leading to fibrosis – infectious or immune • Intratubular – solitary or multiple white-yellow foci – ascending infection • Necrotizing – Brucellosis and other infections, trauma, or ischemia – coagulative necrosis

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