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Male genital system Systema genitalium masculinum Morphology

Male genital system Systema genitalium masculinum Morphology. Organa genitalia masculina interna. Testis ( gr. orchis) Epididymis Funiculus spermaticus = spermatic cord including ductus deferens (= vas deferens)

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Male genital system Systema genitalium masculinum Morphology

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  1. Male genital systemSystema genitalium masculinumMorphology

  2. Organa genitalia masculina interna • Testis (gr. orchis) • Epididymis • Funiculus spermaticus = spermatic cord • including ductus deferens (= vas deferens) • Glandula vesiculosa / seminalis (Vesiculae seminales) = seminal gland / vesicle • Prostata = prostate • Glandula bulbourethralis = bulbo-urethral gland

  3. Organa genitalia masculina externa • Penis • Urethra masculina = male urethra • Scrotum

  4. Testis(gr. orchis) • Description • extremitas (pole) sup. + inf, margo (border) ant. + post. , facies (surface) med. + lat. • Covers • tunica vaginalis et albuginea • Section • septula, mediastinum, lobuli, rete • Tubuli seminiferti contorti  recti • Ligaments • gubernaculum testis

  5. Testes - histology • Tunica albuginea • Lobuli testis • Tubuli seminiferi • spermatogennic epithelium (structure ) • Spermatogennic cells – various stades - takes 64 days • Sertoli´s cells (nutrition, testicular fluid, androgen-binding protein ABS, anti-müllerian hormone AMH=MIS, zonulae occludentes: hematotesticular barrier) • Intestitium • Leydig´s cells  testosteron • Collagen tissue, fenestrated capillaries, fibroblasta, histiocytes, macrophages

  6. Excretory genital ducts • Tubuli recti • cuboideal Sertolli´s cells • Rete testis • cuboideal Sertolli´s cells • Ductuli efferentes • columnar epithelium with stereocilia and cilia • Ductus epididymidis • pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia • Inhibition of capacitation • Ductus deferens • thick muscular wall • pseudostratified columnar epithelium • Ductus ejaculatorius • no muscle layer !

  7. Epididymis • Description • caput, corpus, cauda • Section • lobuli, ductus • Ligaments • lig. epididymidis sup. + inf.

  8. Testis + epidydimisarterial supply • aorta abdominalis • a. testicularis branches enter lobuli from the periphery, not in the hilum ! auxilliary blood supply • a. iliaca interna • a. umbilicalis  a. ductus deferentis • a. iliaca externa • a. epigastrica inf.  a . cremasterica mutual anastomosis

  9. Testis and epididymis other supply • Veins: • rete testis  plexus pampiniformis  vv. testiculares  v. cava inf. (dx.), v. renalis (sin.) • Lymph drainage: • nodi lymphoidei lumbales • Nerves: • plexus testicularis • sympathetic by plexus coeliacus + intermesentericus, parasympathetic by n. vagus !!!

  10. Developmental rudiments from mesonephric canals • paradidymis (Giraldes´ organ) • ductuli aberrantes (sup. + inf.) • appendix epididymidis from Müllerian duct • appendix testis

  11. Ductus deferens(Vas deferens) • pars scrotalis • pars funicularis • pars inguinalis • pars pelvica • ampulla d.d crossings

  12. Ductus deferens / Vas deferens • Tunica mucosa – pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia • Tunica muscularis – 3 layers of smooth muscle (L, C, L) • Adventitia tough as a goose-quill folds, very thick muscle layer Emission = sperms transport to colliculus seminalis prostatae

  13. Ductus deferens / Vas deferenssupply • Arteries: • a. iliaca int.  a. umbilicalis  a. ductus deferentis • Veins: • plexus pampiniformis, plexus venosus vesicalis • Lymph drainage: • n.l. iliaci ext. + int. • Nerves: • plexus deferentialis

  14. Funiculus spermaticus(Spermatic cord)covers • tunica dartos • fascia spermatica externa • m. cremaster cum fascia cremasterica • fascia spermatica interna derivated from the anterior abdominal wall by descensus testis

  15. Funiculus spermaticuscontent • a. ductus deferentis ( a.iliaca int.) • a. testicularis ( aorta abdominalis) • plexus pampiniformis (venous plexus)  v. cava inf. • ductus deferens • a. et v. cremasterica ( a. epigastrica inf.) • vestigium processus vaginalis peritonei • plexus deferentialis et testicularis (= nervous plexuses) • lymph vessels (along veins)

  16. Funiculus spermaticus - HE

  17. Glandula vesiculosa /seminalis(incorrectly Vesiculae seminales) = seminal gland / vesicle • Position: behind the urinary bladder, in connection with peritoneum! – excavatio rectovesicalis • Ductus excretorius  ductus ejaculatorius • cuboideal-to-pseudostratified epithelium, folded mucosa • Muscles: 2 smooth layer – circular (inner) and longitudinal (outer) • Function: 70% of seminal fluid, pH 7,2 –7,6 /proteins + fructose + prostaglandins + citrate/

  18. Glandulae vesiculosae - HE

  19. ProstataProstate • Section: lobuli (4), ductuli, parenchyma • Pars prostatica urethrae • colliculus seminalis • utriculus prostaticus • sinus prostaticus • Position: • m. puboprostaticus • under urinary bladder • subperitoneal organ

  20. Outer description: basis, apex, facies /3/, isthmusLobi prostatae: dexter et sinister /4 lobuli each / (Lobus medius)Pars prostatica urethrae + ductus ejaculatorius

  21. Prostata(Prostate)section • urethral glandszone + ductuli prostatici • Inner (transitory) zone • tuboalveolar glands • outer (peripheral) zone • less glands + fibromuscular stroma (= substantia muscularis) • capsula prostatica • (plexus venosus prostaticus)

  22. Prostata + glandulae vesiculosaesupply • arteries: branches of a. iliaca int. • a. ductus deferentis • a. vesicalis inferior • a. rectalis media • veins: plexus venosus prostaticus + vesicalis  v. iliaca int. • lymph drainage: • n. l. iliaci int. + ext. • n.l. sacrales (prostate only!) • nerves: plexus hypograstricus inf.  plexus prostaticus

  23. Prostata - HE

  24. Prostata - WvG

  25. Prostate – function and diseases • 30-50 tuboalveolar glands • Seminal fluid: 30%, pH 6,4 /zinc, citrate, prostaglandins, spermin and spermidin, proteases, acid phosphatase, Ig, PSA/ • benign hyperplasia (50% men over 50 years), • symptoms – hyperplasia of glands in the inner zone! • outer zone changes into the thin and tough so-called surgical capsule • malign tumourr – 85% arise in outer zone •  blood level of prostatic phase of acid phosphatase

  26. Glandulae bulbourethrales Cowperi • paired • composed mucinous tuboalveolar glands • pea-sized • from under the m. transversus perinei profundus • short ductus gl. bulbourethralis • opens into ampulla urethrae (widened beggining of pars spongiosa) • gland product: clear sticky, enables sperm sliding in urethra

  27. Male urethra • ostium urethrae internum (accipiens, evacuans) • pars intramuralis • pars prostatica (pars proximalis x distalis, colliculus seminalis, utriculus prostaticus, m. sphincter urethrae internus) • pars intemedia (= membranacea) • pars spongiosa (ampulla, fossa navicularis + valvula, lacunae et glandulae urethrales, ductus paraurethrales) • ostium urethrae externum • constrictions (4) and enlargements (3) • clinically: front and hind urethra

  28. Penis • Description: radix, crura, corpus, dorsum, facies urethralis, glans /corona, collum/, preputium /frenulum/, raphe • Structure: corpora cavernosa et corpus spongiosum /bulbus/, tunica albuginea, septum (incomplete) • Section: trabeculae, cavernae, glandulae preputiales Tysoni • Covers: fascia penis superficialis + profunda • Fixation: ligamentum fundiforme et suspensorium, crura penis

  29. Penis - supply • arteries: • branches of a. pudenda interna (a. dorsalis et profunda penis, a. urethralis, a. bulbi penis)  aa. helicinae (+ Ebner´s pillows)  vv. cavernosae • veins: • v. dors. penis spf.  vv. pudendae ext.  v. femoralis • v. dors. p. prof. + v. bulbi penis + v. urethralis  v. pudenda int.  v. iliaca int. • lymph drainage: • n.l. inguinales superficiales (skin), profundi (glans) et iliaci interni (cavernous and spongious bodies, urethra) • nerves: • n. pudendus (sympathetic - plexus hypogastricus inf., parasympathetic- nn. splanchnici pelvici S2-4) • glans penis is the best innervated skin area in the body!

  30. Penis - HE

  31. Scrotum • Description: raphe, septum /complete!/ • Wall structure: anterior abdominal wall derivates + tunica dartos • Arteries: a. femoralis aa. pudendae ext., a. iliaca int.  a. pudenda int., a. cremasterica pro obaly • Veins: vv. scrotales ant.  v. femoralis vv. scrotales post.  v. pudenda int.

  32. Scrotum - supply • lymph drainage: n.l. inguinales superficiales No testis puncture because of possible tumour cells spreading • nerves: • anterior 1/3 (n. ilioinguinalis + r. genitalis n. genitofemoralis) • posterior 2/3 – (n. pudendus + n. cutaneus femoris post.)

  33. skin Camper´s layer fascia abd. subcutanea /Scarpae/ fascia abd. superficialis mm. abdominis fascia transversalis peritoneum skin tunica dartos fascia spermatica ext. m. cremater + f. cremasterica fascia spermatica int. tunica vaginalis testis lamina parietalis = periorchium lamina visceralis = epiorchium Abdominal wall x Scrotal wall

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