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Lecture 11b Hybrid. Interpenetrating Networks. Making Hybrid Materials: Class 1E (Interpenetrating network or IPN). Two lightly crosslinked networks Cannot be untangled. Each network has different mechanical Properties.
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Lecture 11b Hybrid Interpenetrating Networks
Making Hybrid Materials: Class 1E(Interpenetrating network or IPN) • Two lightly crosslinked networks • Cannot be untangled. • Each network has different mechanical • Properties. • Together they are stronger, tougher than sum of the individual polymers = synergistic All organic IPN adhesives & coatings
Simultaneous Interpenetrating networks •The two networks assembled at the same time •Phase separation of hard colloidal particles would ruin IPN
Sequential Interpenetrating networks •The two networks are not assembled at the same time •In this case the inorganic network is assembled before the organic
If phase separation of particles occurs, it is not an IPN This is a hybrid, inorganic filled polymer, an extreme case of Class 1C. However, many publications refer to similar hybrids as IPN’s
Synthesis of poly(methylphenylsiloxane)/phenylene-silica hybrid material with interpenetrating networks and its performance as thermal resistant coating Gao, D. and Jia, M. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2012. doi: 10.1002/app.38372
Synthesis of poly(methylphenylsiloxane)/phenylene-silica hybrid material with interpenetrating networks and its performance as thermal resistant coating Tensile 10-20 MPa Stable > 300 °C Gao, D. and Jia, M. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2012. doi: 10.1002/app.38372
Organic–inorganic polymer hybrids based on unsaturated polyester •Sol-gel polymerization of phenyltriethoxysilane in presence of Linear organic polymer •Photochemical cure of organic network Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2002, 311, 195–198
What about a forming a particle based gel in a monomer as solvent, then polymerize it
Simultaneous Interpenetrating networks: "Inverse" organic-inorganic composite materials. Monomer containing both silica and organic components splits apart Macromolecules, 1991, 24 (19), pp 5481–5483
Simultaneous Interpenetrating networks: "Inverse" organic-inorganic composite materials. For a hybrid to be an IPN, there must be a non-linear, synergistic effect on the mechanical properties Macromolecules, 1991, 24 (19), pp 5481–5483
More recent interpenetrating network: tetrabenzylalkoxysilane sol-gel Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 8254 –8258 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 628 –632