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Early Civilization in East Asia: An Era of Cultural Diffusion. How did geographic conditions facilitate cultural diffusion? How did geographic conditions pose obstacles to diffusion? How did cultures work with and against geography to spread?. Water: Austronesian Expansion.
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Early Civilization in East Asia:An Era of Cultural Diffusion How did geographic conditions facilitate cultural diffusion? How did geographic conditions pose obstacles to diffusion? How did cultures work with and against geography to spread?
Water: Austronesian Expansion • Movement of Austronesian culture (esp. language) from mainland China to Taiwan and beyond • Began roughly 3500-3000 BC • Spread to Hawaii, Easter Island, and Madagascar by ~500 AD
Evidence: Austronesian Diffusion • Fishing techs: nets, hooks, ocean-going vessels with sails • Pottery and stone tools • Early farming (gardening) • Overtook indigenous hunter-gather societies • Did not expand in areas that already had agriculture • Austronesian language group • Tattooing: Maori face and Filipino body
Land: Silk Road • A formal, transcontinental trading route initiated by the Han Dynasty of China • Began around 100 BC • Built off of previous routes (ex: Persian Royal Road) • Connected to contemporary roads (ex: Roman roads) • Spanned 5000 mi., including connections
Diffusion: China to Japan (300-1000 AD) • Character based writing • Rice culture • Feudalism
Evidence: Religion Wing god: Hadda Location: Greece Date: 100 AD Wing god: Kizil Location: China Date: 700 AD Wing god: Fujin Location: Japan Date: 1600 AD
Evidence: Art/Architecture Vase Location: S. Italy Date: 350 BC Frieze Location: Roman Empire Date: 200 AD Temple artifacts Location: Japan Date: 700 AD