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MEMPHYS MEgaton Mass PHYSics Detector N. Vassilopoulos / LAL on behalf of MEMPHYS Collaboration

MEMPHYS MEgaton Mass PHYSics Detector N. Vassilopoulos / LAL on behalf of MEMPHYS Collaboration. without LAGUNA aspects (L.Mosca) without R&D on PMTs (J.E. Campagne) without Fréjus Site aspects (M. Russo). emphasis: software developments and MEMPHYNO prototype design. 65m. 60m.

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MEMPHYS MEgaton Mass PHYSics Detector N. Vassilopoulos / LAL on behalf of MEMPHYS Collaboration

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  1. MEMPHYS MEgaton Mass PHYSics DetectorN. Vassilopoulos / LAL on behalf of MEMPHYS Collaboration without LAGUNA aspects (L.Mosca) without R&D on PMTs (J.E. Campagne) without Fréjus Site aspects (M. Russo) emphasis: software developments and MEMPHYNO prototype design

  2. 65m 60m MEMPHYS: Underground Laboratory and Detector • underground water Cherenkov at Fréjus (Alps), Modane, France • total fiducial mass: 440 kton or 550 kton: 3 or 4 cylindrical modules 65X65 m • size limited by light attenuation length (λ~80m) and pressure on PMTs • readout : ~3 x 81k 12″ PMTs, 30% cover (# PEs = 40%cover with 20″ PMTs) • possibility of an additional shaft for Liquid Argon and/or liquid scintillator detector of 100kton Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane http://2www.apc.univ-paris7.fr/APC_CS/Experiences/MEMPHYS/ arXiv: hep-ex/0607026 Contacts: J.E. Campagne and M. Mezzetto

  3. MEMPHYS: Fréjus layout Excavation reaches near current Lab. 2013 excavation will start in 2008

  4. MEMPHYS: Fréjus schedule 2007 2012 2017 2020 depends of course on LAGUNA (European decisions) and NNN world coordination

  5. MEMPHYS: Photodetection • 12″ PMTs x ~80000 per shaft, 30% coverage  readout plan: • ASIC: readout integrated electronics circuit as close to detector • operate with a common high voltage and thus need of variable gain to equalize PMT response • high speed discriminator to auto trigger on single photoelectron • digitization of charge ADC & of time of arrival over 12 bits to provide large dynamic range and nano-second accuracy • digital data out: power wires • PMm2 R&D project: integrated circuit & complete module studies and construction sketch of 4x4 12″ PMTs module voltages applied through the same cable Electronics as close as possible to PMTs

  6. MEMPHYS: Physics • Proton decay • SuperNovae neutrinos • core-collapse understanding, explore violent phenomena in the universe SN trigger, star formation in the early universe  Diffuse SN • Neutrino Astrophysics •  oscillation measurements with  beams materiel taken from (see also for further details) A. Tonazzo’s talk at NOW06: MEMPHYS non oscillating Physics, http://www.ba.infn.it/~now/now2006/ materiel taken from J. E. Campagne et al., Physics potential of the CERN-MEMPHYS oscillation project, JHEP04(2007)003

  7. MEMPHYS: Proton Decay

  8. MEMPHYS: SN rates at Mton detector

  9. MEMPHYS: “real time” movie of shock waves effects 0.4 Mton, galactic SN (10kpc) for invert beta decay Fogli et al. hep-ph/0412046

  10. MEMPHYS: SN trigger

  11. MEMPHYS: Difusse SN v’s

  12. CERN-MEMPHYS: Oscillation measurements with  beams • θ13discovery reach and sensitivity to CP Violation CERN Fréjus

  13. CERN-MEMPHYS: Oscillation measurements with  beams main results βB beam’s ions/year reduced by 2: performance is strongly depended on ion production • discovery reach of sin22θ13≈ 5 x 10-3 3σ irrespectively of the actual value of δCP • max CP violation (for δCP = π/2, 3π/2) can be discovered at 3σ down to sin22θ13≈ 2(9) x 10-4 for βB (SPL) • also, ATM + SPL/βB provides sensitivity to mass hierarchy at 2σsin22θ13 >≈ 0.02-0.03

  14. MEMPHYS: Mass Hierarchy from atmosperic n s If D-CHOOZ finds a non zero value for sin22θ13 then a megaton water cherenkov detector can make a distinction between the two hierarchies, R. Gandhi et al., hep-phy/07071723

  15. MEMPHYS: MC Present Status • Event Generator: • NUANCE for n beam, n Atmospheric & Proton Decay • Simulation (based on Geant4): • Interface with the OpenScientist v16r0 framework (G. Barrand/LAL-APC) provided using distribution kits including Geant4 & CLHEP & AIDA-IO implementation to RIO (also HDF5, XML) • 3 modes of running in the same framework: • Interactive Viewing, Batch processing, AIDA_ROOT analysis • event info from MC, primary + non-Optical photons track infos • hits: each PM maintain a list of arrival time of optical photons detected (i.e. photo-cathod efficiency) transparency by J. E. Campagne

  16. p0 2g g m- p nm(2GeV) 2km WC Geometry 10% de gČ 1% de gČ 0.1% de gČ transparency by J. E. Campagne

  17. nm→m-→e- Only detected op. photons 1600ns Interactive histogram to identify the e Michel optical photons… transparency by J. E. Campagne MEMPHYS v7

  18. natmospheric (1-10GeV) transparency by J. E. Campagne MEMPHYS v7

  19. MEMPHYS: Simulation Studies for a small scale Prototype MEMPHYNOThomas Patzak, Eddy Richard, Alessandra Tonazzo / APC-PARISJean-Eric Campagne, Nikos Vassilopoulos / LAL-ORSAY • tests with radioactive sources (monoenergetic, point-like) and cosmic muons (direction selected with hodoscope) on surface • measure background level @ underground site • MEMPHYS simulation & visualization code • 2x2x2m³ water volume • 2 different PMTs’ modules simulated at bottom side : 4x4 12in PMTs = ~35% coverage (for one side • purposes : • full test of electronics and acquisition chain • trigger threshold studies • self-trigger mode • volume ~10 t • at least one matrix of 16 PMTs with DAQ system (developed by PMm2 project, J.E.Campagne et al.) • install at APC, then at Fréjus lab: max available space: 3x3x3 m3 pictures for detected optical photons electron 10 MeV, pz / p = -1, vtx : centre muon 1 GeV, pz / p = -1, vtx : top centre

  20. MEMPHYS: MEMPHYNO e-, μ- studies PEs per PMT OPs’ arrival times # of PMTs per electron e- 20MeV μ- 1GeV muons generated over the detector’s surface with pz / p = -1 10k per energy electrons generated at the detector’s centre with random direction Table: MEMPHYNO’s PEs per MeV per electron

  21. MEMPHYNOelectrons 10 MeV: vertex finding • primary vertex fit based only on each PMT’s timing info: ti PMT = ti + TOFi => ti = ti PMT – TOFi , where TOFi = (n / c) x D, D = distance between each PMT and grid’s coordinates • maximize estimator E a la SK to find the true vertex of electron : direction solid up to 450 around –z dashed up to 250 around –z best fit estimator for all grid points vs distance from true vertex electrons generated at the detector’s centre for the primary fit : grid analysis (5cm spacing) in MEMPHYNO good resolution for downwards electrons in x-y plane where is the PMTs’ module (shown) resolution becomes worse as pz/p increases due to one PMTs’ module : best for perpendicular electrons direction solid up to 450 around –z dashed up to 250 around –z best fit

  22. MEMPHYNO muons 1 GeV μ light propagation effect of OPs : • check correlation of PMT time with distance between muon’s exit point and detection PMT’s coordinates pz/p = -1 pz/p = -1 pz/p = -1 entry/exit: centre entry/exit: middle entry/exit: edges pz/p < 0 • pz/p = -1 : later produced OPs are detected first • pz/p < 0 : relation not clean diagonal trajectory

  23. MEMPHYNO simulation work • any detector layout parametrization and analysis • ring reconstruction and PMT analysis graphics tools one detector design example & plots by E. Richard Stagiaire @APC-PARIS • first steps towards event reconstruction & PID

  24. MEMPHYS: conclusions, since NNN06 • the physics case is still strong, some new studies • LAGUNA has been approved and will finance more site studies in Fréjus as well as further steps with analysis code and physics studies, in collaboration with LENA and GLACIER • the photodetector R&D is in progress (PMm2) • a new MC based in GEANT4 is in construction, studies in : • vertex finding • light propagation • a prototype MEMPHYNO is in the design phase to be constructed in 2008-2009. It will provide studies on: • DAQ • self triggering • threshold studies • work on simulation, mechanical design, PMT R&D at APC & LAL

  25. Thanks

  26. MEMPHYS: Fréjus feasibility study

  27. MEMPHYS: Fréjus summary

  28. MEMPHYS: Proton Decay, p  e+0 • search for p  e+0 (3 showering event), efficiency ~ 43% • predictions: p~1034-1036 yrs • bdg: •  p > 1.6x1033yrs by SK •  p > 1.6x1035yrs at 90% CL for 5Mt.yr by MEMPHYS MEMPHYS coverage 30% with 12”PMTs is equivalent to coverage 40% with 20”PMTs in terms of #PE. MEMPHYS relies on the study by UNO, adapting the results H2O is best for this channel

  29. MEMPHYS: Proton Decay, p  K • search for p  K (K+below cherenkov threshold so the channel is detected via the decay products of K+ ) • K, monoenergetic  + 6.3 MeV prompt- from capture • K +0 with  • predictions: p~3x1033-3x1034 yrs • p > 2.3x1033yrs by SK • p~ 2x1034yrs for 5Mt.yr by MEMPHYS H2O not as good as LAr, Lsint

  30. MEMPHYS: SN νin water Čerenkov detectors

  31. MEMPHYS: SN and θ13 information

  32. MEMPHYS: SN neutronization burst

  33. MEMPHYS: SN shockwave information

  34. CERN-MEMPHYS: Oscillation measurements with  beams sensitivity to the mass hierarchy

  35. MEMPHYS: Oscillation measurements with  beamssensitivity to octant of θ23

  36. MEMPHYS: MC analyses by J. E. Campagne

  37. MEMPHYNO: muons 1 GeV • # of PMTs per muon, # of PEs per PMT, opticalphotons’ arrival times : blacksheet reflective blacksheet reflectivity=0 10k muons generated over the detector’s surface with pz / p = -1

  38. MEMPHYNO further simulation work • any detector layout parametrization and analysis One detector example by E.Richard Stagiaire @APC • ring reconstruction and PMT analysis graphics tools

  39. MEMPHYNOdetector analysis tools for MEMPHYS/MEMPHYNO Plots by E.Richard Stagiaire @APC V V • first steps towards event reconstruction & PID

  40. MEMPHYS: MEMPHYNO analyses & tools Analyses: • vertex finding for electrons • light propagation effects for muons Tools: • ring reconstruction and PMT analysis graphics tools

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