The Odyssey

1. The Odyssey Literary Terms and Devices Review Selected from A Handbook to Literature, 8th Edition by William Harmon and C. Hugh Holman & Elements of Literature, Holt, Rinehart & Winston

2. Allusion • Reference to a statement, a person, a place, or an event from literature, history, religion, mythology, politics, sports, science or pop culture.

3. Dramatic Irony • occurs when the audience or the reader knows something important that a character in a play or story does not know.

4. Epic • a long narrative poem that traces the adventures of an epic hero.

5. Epic Hero • a legendary figure of almost superhuman qualities whose adventures form the core of the epic poem. An epic hero embodies the goals and virtues of an entire nation or culture.

6. Epithet • adjective or descriptive phrase that is regularly used to characterize a person, place or thing.

7. Extended Metaphor • is a metaphor that is extended, or developed over several lines of writing or even throughout an entire poem.

8. Flashback • A flashback is a literary device in which an earlier episode, conversation, or event is inserted into the sequence of events. The flashback interrupts the present action of the plot to flash backward and tell what happened at an earlier time. Often flashbacks are presented as a memory of the narrator or of another character.

9. Foreshadowing • Foreshadowing is the author’s use of clues to hint at what might happen later in the story. Writers use foreshadowing to build their readers’ expectations and to create suspense. This is used to help readers prepare for what is to come.

10. Hero • a character who exhibits extraordinary powers of strength, courage or intelligence.

11. Homeric Epithet • consists of a compound adjective that is regularly used to modify a particular noun. • examples: “wine dark sea,” “rosy fingered dawn,” “the gray eyed goddess Athena.”

12. Homeric Simile • an extended comparison, also called an epic simile, gets its name form Homer, the Greek poet.

13. Imagery • language use to appeal to the senses.

14. In medias res • (Latin: “in the midst of things”) the practice of beginning an epic or other narrativeby plunging into a crucial situation that is part of a related chain of events; the situation is an extension of previous events and will be developed in later action. The narrative then goes directly forward, and exposition of earlier events is supplied by flashbacks. http://www.britannica.com/art/in-medias-res-literature

15. Legend • a widely told story about the past, one that may or may not have a foundation in fact

16. Metaphor • Figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, in which one thing becomes another thing without the use of the word like, as, than or resembles

17. Myth • traditional story that is rooted in a particular culture, is basically religious, and usually serves to explain a belief, a ritual, or mysterious natural phenomenon

18. Narrative Drift • an interruption in the narration to elaborate on what aspect of what is being talked about

19. Oral Tradition • stories, songs, and poems about the history and heritage of a people that are passed from generation to generation by word of mouth

20. Personification • kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human

21. Poetic Justice • When a character gets what he/she deserves. When the most fitting reward or punishment is doled out to a character.

22. Symbolism • person, place, thing, or event that stands for itself and for something beyond itself as well.