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Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Hiroshima and Nagasaki. U.S.S. Indianapolis. Delivered components of the Atomic Bomb to the island of Tinian Sank by Japanese sub. 1,196 men on board 900 men left 4 days in the water 316 survived. The Manhattan Project. J. Robert Oppenheimer – creator

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Hiroshima and Nagasaki

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  1. Hiroshima and Nagasaki

  2. U.S.S. Indianapolis • Delivered components of the Atomic Bomb to the island of Tinian • Sank by Japanese sub. • 1,196 men on board • 900 men left • 4 days in the water • 316 survived

  3. The Manhattan Project • J. Robert Oppenheimer – creator • 1st successful test done in New Mexico July 16, 1945 • Blast visible 180 miles away

  4. Pros: Demonstration could be a dud Japanese might shoot down test plane Might put POW’s in testing area Only way to make Japan surrender Need to justify the cost of building the bomb and man hours spent working. It would end the war and savecountless U.S. military lives Give U.S. more power in rebuilding Europe Mounting tensions w/Russia Cons: Stage a demonstration Would kill thousands of Japanese civilians Would be immoralto drop the bomb w/o prior warning A-Bomb Debate

  5. Little Boy • Enola Gay dropped “Little Boy” on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945 • 4.5 tons • 1 min.: 66,000 killed / 69,000 killed • 43 seconds – the city did not exist • Bombs only used 1/10th of 1% of their respective explosive cababilities. • Japan still did not surrender • Leukemia in children born post WWII.

  6. Fat Man • 3 days after “Little Boy” was dropped, “Fat Man” was dropped on Nagasaki • 39,000 killed instantly • By the end of the year, 200,000 had died of injuries and/or radiation

  7. Effects of the Bombs

  8. Keloids

  9. Effects of the Bombs

  10. The Yalta Conference • Discussion between Churchill, FDR & Stalin of postwar Europe / Germany • Germany divided into 4 zones each controlled by an Allied country • Stalin promised free elections & Russian participation in the U.N.

  11. The Nuremburg War Trials • International tribunal of 23 nations tried Nazi war criminals • Hitler’s most trusted officials • 22 Nazis tried first • 12 were put to death or imprisoned • Crimes against peace • War crimes • Crimes against humanity • 1st time in history a nation’s leaders were held legally responsible for their actions

  12. Occupation of Japan • Occupied by Gen. MacArthur • 1,100 Japanese officials (including Tojo) were put on trial • 7 put to death • Occupied for 6 years • MacArthur’s Reforms: • Free market economy • New Constitution • Women’s suffrage • Basic freedoms • Japanese Constitution still called the “MacArthur Const.”

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