1Quiz #9 for 10:30

1. 1Quiz #9 for 10:30 Choose two of the following false or misleading statements and make the appropriate corrections. Be sure to write the number of the questions you choose. • Thyroid hormones are stored in intracellularly in secretory vesicles before they are release from a stimulated follicular endocrine cell. • In the form of thyrotoxicosis called Grave’s Disease, excessive secretion of TSH stimulates thyroid follicular cells to release too much of the thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. • Basal levels of epinephrine must be present so that cell can be appropriately responsive to thyroid hormone. • All hormones released from the pituitary are produced by cell bodies in the hypothalamus. Note: next Monday’s quiz will include material from Frog Reflex Lab

2. 1Quiz #9 for 11:30 Choose two of the following false or misleading statements and make the appropriate corrections. Be sure to write the number of the questions you choose. • Thyroid hormones are stored in intracellularly in secretory vesicles before they are release from a stimulated follicular endocrine cell. • In the form of thyrotoxicosis called Grave’s Disease, excessive secretion of TSH stimulates thyroid follicular cells to release too much of the thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. • Basal levels of epinephrine must be present so that cell can be appropriately respond to thyroid hormone. • Goiters are enlarged thyroid glands that occur because of excess stimulation by thyroid hormone. Note: next Monday’s quiz will include material from Frog Reflex Lab.

3. Age 16 33 52 S 1 Another Endocrine Disorder

4. Disorder =Acromegaly S 2 • Excessive growth of bones and soft tissues of face and hands, and feet. • Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone from adenohypophysis or ectopic tumor in adults • Treatment? • Somatostatin analogs • GH receptor blockers • Transphenoidal resection/ablation with focal radiation GHRH SS GH Compare to Pituitary Gigantism IGF-1 Acromegaly in Merck Manual

5. S 3 Classification of Endocrine Disorders • Hypersecretion • Primary • Secondary • Hyposecretion • Primary • Secondary • Hyper-responsive target • Hypo-responsive target Try to classify: Endemic GoiterGrave’s DiseaseAcromegaly Diabetes mellitus Type 1Diabetes mellitus Type 2

6. Lab Next Week:Case Studies in Endocrinology Look at the on-line Merck Manual before your lab day. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/index.html Follow Link to Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders

7. STRESS Cytokines fromimmune cells CRH from Hypothalamus ACTH from Ant. Pit Mobilize fuel from muscle & adipose tissueSuppress non-essential functions (reproduction & growth)Suppress inflammatory &immune responsesPotentiates response to EPI (vascular smooth muscle) S 5 Physical traumaProlonged exposure to coldProlonged intense exerciseInfectionSleep deprivationPainFrightEmotional distress Vasopressin Clinical example: treatment of chronic inflammation (e.g. arthritis) can lead to Cushing’s Syndrome! ⇧Cortisol secretion from Adrenal Cortex Cushing’s Syndrome Excess Cortisol from 1) adrenal cortex tumor (primary) or 2) hypersecretion of ACTH from anterior pituitary (secondary)

8. S 6 Why are NSAIDs preferable to Glucocorticoids for treating inflammation andarthritis? Consider the HPA axis and the effects of long-term dosing with cortisol on ACTH secretion and the Adrenal Cortex.