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Chapter 21

Chapter 21. 0. Electric Potential. 21 Electric Potential. Slide 21-2. Slide 21-3. Slide 21-4. Slide 21-5. Example Problem. Is the change ∆ U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?. Slide 21-14. Electric Potential Energy. Slide 21-15. Electric Potential.

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Chapter 21

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  1. Chapter 21 0 Electric Potential

  2. 21Electric Potential Slide 21-2

  3. Slide 21-3

  4. Slide 21-4

  5. Slide 21-5

  6. Example Problem Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f? Slide 21-14

  7. Electric Potential Energy Slide 21-15

  8. Electric Potential Slide 21-16

  9. Conceptual Example Problem Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the electric potentials at the numbered points. Slide 21-17

  10. Charged Particle Moving Through a Potential Difference Slide 21-18

  11. Slide 21-19

  12. Example Problem A proton has a speed of 3.5 x 105 m/s at a point where the electrical potential is 600 V. It moves through a point where the electric potential is 1000 V. What is its speed at this second point? Slide 21-20

  13. A Topographic Map Slide 21-21

  14. Graphical Representations of Electric Potential Slide 21-22

  15. Example Problem A proton is released from rest at point a. It then travels past point b. What is its speed at point b? Slide 21-23

  16. Potential of a Parallel-Plate Capacitor Slide 21-24

  17. The Potential Inside a Parallel-Plate Capacitor Slide 21-25

  18. Example Problem A parallel-plate capacitor is held at a potential difference of 250 V. A proton is fired toward a small hole in the negative plate with a speed of 3.0 x 105 m/s. What is its speed when it emerges through the hole in the positive plate? (Hint: The electric potential outside of a parallel-plate capacitor is zero). Slide 21-26

  19. Electric Potential of a Point Charge Slide 21-27

  20. Electric Potential: Charged Sphere Outside of a sphere of charge Q the potential has the same form as for a point charge Q: If the sphere has radius R and the potential at its surface is V0, then the potential a distance r from its center can also be written Slide 21-28

  21. Example Problem For the situation shown in the figure, find • The potential at points a and b.The potential difference between a and b. • The potential energy of a proton at a and b. • The speed at point b of a proton that was moving to the right at point a with a speed of 4.0 x 105 m/s. • The speed at point a of a proton that was moving to the left at point b with a speed of 4.0 x 105 m/s. Slide 21-29

  22. Example Problem • A 2.0-mm-diameter plastic bead is charged to –1.0 nC. • A proton is fired at the bead from far away with a speed of 1.0 x 106 m/s, and it collides head-on. What is the impact speed? • An electron is fired at the bead from far away. It “reflects,” with a turning point 0.10 mm from the surface of the bead. What was the electron’s initial speed? Slide 21-30

  23. Connecting Potential and Field Slide 21-31

  24. Potential and Field for Three Important Cases Slide 21-32

  25. Example Problem Source charges create the electric potential shown. • What is the potential at point A? At which point, A, B, or C, does the electric field have its largest magnitude? • Is the magnitude of the electric field at A greater than, equal to, or less than at point D? • What is the approximate magnitude of the electric field at point C? • What is the approximate direction of the electric field at point C? Slide 21-33

  26. A Conductor in Electrostatic Equilibrium Slide 21-34

  27. What is Q2? Example Problem Slide 21-35

  28. Capacitance and Capacitors The charge ±Q on each electrode is proportional to the potential difference ∆VC between the electrodes: Slide 21-36

  29. Charging a Capacitor Slide 21-37

  30. The Capacitance of a Parallel-Plate Capacitor Slide 21-38

  31. Dielectrics and Capacitors Slide 21-39

  32. Dielectric Constant With a dielectric between its plates, the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is increased by a factor of the dielectric constantκ: Slide 21-40

  33. Summary Slide 21-41

  34. Summary Slide 21-42

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