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Chapter 7 Consonantal Gestures

Chapter 7 Consonantal Gestures. Professor: 鍾榮富教授 Students : 陳昱璇 ．楊之耘． 楊玉玲 na0c0007 ． Na0c0014 ． na0c0017. (6) Palato -alveolar. Gestures for [ ʃ, ʒ ] - the front of the tongue is slightly domed Retroflex is exactly equivalent to apical post-alveolar

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Chapter 7 Consonantal Gestures

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  1. Chapter 7Consonantal Gestures Professor:鍾榮富教授 Students :陳昱璇 ．楊之耘． 楊玉玲 na0c0007 ．Na0c0014． na0c0017

  2. (6) Palato-alveolar • Gestures for [ ʃ, ʒ ] - the front of the tongue is slightly domedRetroflex is exactly equivalent to apical post-alveolar • Palato-alveolar is equivalent tolaminal post-alveolar • Apical – sounds made with the tip of the tongue • Laminal - sounds made with the blade • In English – the palato-alveolar sounds are the fricatives and affricates [ ʃ, ʒ,tʃ, dʒ ] French, Italian - nasals made the same or similar position

  3. (7) Palatal • Made with the front of the tongue approaching or touching the hard palate. • The only true palatal in English is / /. • The symbol for a voiceless palatal fricative is [ ] (8) Velar • Velar stops and nasals [k, g, ŋ ] occur in English. • Spanish[ɣ], a voiced velar approximant [ɰ ] - the back of the tongue is called the dorsum - these sounds are referred to as dorsal sounds

  4. (9) UvularMade by raising the back of the tongue toward the uvula - not occur at all in English French - the voiced uvular fricative [χ ] , and [ʁ] for r Uvular stops – [q, ɢ], Nasals – [ɴ] - as idiosyncratic pronunciations in English - regular sound systems in Eskimo, Native American

  5. (10) Pharyngeal (11) Epiglottal • Pulling the root of the tongue or the epiglottis back toward the back wall of the pharynx • Pharyngeal fricatives symbols [ħ, ʕ] - occur in Semitic language, Arabic and Hebrew - no distinguish between pharyngeal and epiglottal fricatives - Caucasus contrast these two possibilities

  6. Review

  7. Types of Articulatory Gestures • Stops • Nasals • Fricatives • Trills, Taps, and Flaps • Laterals

  8. Stops

  9. Nasals • Voiceless nasals are comparatively rare - [ ] voiceless diacritic symbol

  10. Fricatives • Occurs in the airstream during a fricative - [f] [s] • A way to divide by auditory basis - voiceless fricative [ f,θ, s,ʃ ] - voiced fricative [z, ʒ, v, ð ] • Sibilant sounds [ s, z, ʃ , ʒ ] - acoustic energy, loudness, higher pitch • A way to divide by considering the plural - sibilant and nonsibilant sounds - cliff, moth, kiss, dish, church, dove, lathe, maze, rouge, judge

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