Developing the next generation of academics:

1. Developing the next generation of academics: The need to change national policy frameworks A.B.K.Kasozi

2. 1.Factors influencing the Academic Landscape in Uganda • National macro policies have conditioned the academic staff creation and retention. • The market models policies, 1990-2006 • The SAP • The neglect of HE by both the state and the international financial institutions • Failure of African states to integrate HE in Poverty Alleviation Programs and MDGs

3. 1.Factors influencing the Academic Landscape in Uganda • Expenditure per student in Uganda, 1970-1985 • From 1997 to 2006, public universities share as a %age of GDP was 0.35%. Kenya 0.9% • Research and postgraduate training received almost 0% from the state

4. 1. World Bank financing for Education in sub-Saharan Africa, 2003-2006 in US$ (millions)

5. 1.Factors influencing the Academic Landscape in Uganda • Higher Education not integrated and linked to national development strategies which centered on: • Poverty Eradication Alleviation Plan (PEAP) • The MDGs and • Sectoral plans • HE not seen as a denominator in skills needed for development.

6. 1.Factors influencing the Academic Landscape in Uganda • Universities and Colleges not listed for funding as part of national innovation system but mere education institutions. • PEAP and MDGs do not pin down core competences required for realization of development strategies. • Knowledge as a basis of development is not stressed as is the role of its creators, the academic staff. • Research and postgraduate training not funded by state since the 1990s

7. 2. The academic landscape in Uganda, 2006

8. 2. The academic landscape in Uganda, 2006 • Brain drain reduces the number of academic staff. In 2005, some 1.07million people left Africa, 30% believed to be highly skilled. • Infectious disease and malaria continue to decrease number of skilled people. • Retirement policies at age 60rob the university system of skilled people. • Therefore brain drain must be factored in academic staff creation; its positives and negs.

9. 3.The regulatory framework in Uganda and its role in advances quality • Good academics can only be developed in high quality institutions. • NCHE QA Framework • Macro (national level) includes institutional and program accreditations; merit addimision of students, setting minimum requirements for courses of study.

10. 3.The regulatory framework in advancing quality • The Micro level at the institution • Each institution is required to put in a placea QA unit, do an internal audit each 2-5 years and report to NCHE • An external Audit is carried out one every five years. • All Academic staff and students must have given qualifications. For staff, next table.

11. 3.The regulatory framework in advancing quality

12. 4. The way forward • The way forward in creating the next generation of leaders is to: • Adequately finance institutions of higher learning to enable them do their work well; • As states cannot come up with all funds needed, innovative diversified national funding models must be designed. • HE must be integral to national deve. Strategies.

13. 4. The way forward • Increase institutional autonomies of institutions to increase the confidence of leaders to take decisions; • Increase accountability of institutional leaders so that populations have confidence in them, • Design attractive packages of salaries, retirement benefits, work environment, improved upward social mobility,