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Studying Earth's interior

Section 10.4. Studying Earth's interior. Shadow Zone. Earthquake waves travel in all direction from its focus Not all stations can receive information from the earthquake Seismograph stations in the shadow zone cannot detect P waves or S waves

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Studying Earth's interior

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  1. Section 10.4 Studying Earth's interior

  2. Shadow Zone • Earthquake waves travel in all direction from its focus • Not all stations can receive information from the earthquake • Seismograph stations in the shadow zone cannot detect P waves or S waves • Shadow zone: wide belt around the side of Earth opposite the focus of the earthquake

  3. Why? • P waves are bent in arcs as it goes through the mantle, outer core and inner core due to changes in matter phase and density • S waves cannot travel through the liquid outer core • Stations that are beyond the shadow zone on the opposite side of Earth receive only P waves

  4. Please draw this:

  5. Now Add This:

  6. P and S Waves • Visualization

  7. The Moho • Moho Discontinuity: Occurs at the boundary between the crust and the mantle, where the P waves and S waves quickly change speed • This boundary is where the dense rock of the mantle meets the less dense of the crust. The waves speed up. • Remember: More dense, faster travel (molecules are closer together)

  8. The Transition Zone • Abrupt changes in P-wave and S-wave velocities occur where the waves pass across boundaries between rocks of different compositions • Located in the middle of the mantle • Transition zone: separates the upper mantle (less dense) from lower mantle (more pressure, less volume, more dense)

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