The Observing System Monitoring Center (OSMC)

The Observing System Monitoring Center (OSMC) … steps towards climate data integration Steve Hankin, NOAA/PMEL

Observing System Monitoring Center Background:The OSMC is a software tool to assist managers and scientists with monitoring global ocean in-situ observations as a system. The heart of the OSMC is a database of the times, locations, platform information, and parameter values. A partnership: OCO Annual Review

3 areas of integration under OSMC • Climate platforms via realtime input from GTS • Climate archives (‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’) • Climate products and data OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Aug. 22 OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Colored by platform type OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Colored by country OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Colored by age of observation OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Observing system for SST OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Colored by parameter value OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Moorings observing SST OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS XBT castsin 1 week (Aug. 16-22) The geospatial analysis capabilities of the OSMC data base are being developed to track progress on XBT lines. OCO Annual Review

1. Integration of …platform management info. from GTS Platform information OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ GTS data provides just a starting point – incomplete, minimal QC OSMC needs to monitor our stewardship of the “ocean climate data record” Since we’re integrating anyway, lets do it in a manner that serves the broadest needs of the science community OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example #1: U. Hawaii Sea Level Center OCO Annual Review

CF MetadataClimate and Forecast Conventions A subset were in a community standard format 2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example: U. Hawaii Sea Level Center – today OCO Annual Review

Research Quality Pacific Ocean … Atlantic Ocean OPeNDAPserver w/THREDDScatalog … Lat36N.Long: 121W Lat34N, Long120W Relational data base ... … Fast Delivery Pacific Ocean … Sea level time series available thru a standard web service all in standard format: netCDF+CF 2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example: U. Hawaii Sea Level Center – standards-based architecture (Jan. ‘09) incoming data What do we gain through this standards-based approach? OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Jan. ’09 milestone: 1. Through THREDDS human-readable platform info at U. Hawaii becomes machine readable … in the OSMC OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Jan. ’09 milestone: 2. “Drilling down” on a U. Hawaii Sea Level station will access the research-quality archives via OPeNDAP OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Jan. ’09 milestone: 3. Scientists will get desktop access to these datain their familiar desktop science tools … a Ferret session … a Matlab session OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Jan. ’09 milestone: 4. Software solutions can be shared. OSMC-developed tools are planned for use in the U.Hawaii system. Menus inferred from THREDDS catalog (XML) This example shows OSMC tools automatically connecting to a 3rd party site that follows these standards Access to observations via OPeNDAP OCO Annual Review

Relational data base 2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example #2: Underway ocean carbon obsSurface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) CO2 data viewer ASCII file Summary in CSML(*) * Climate Systems Markup Language (XML) OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example: Underway ocean carbon obs– Takahashi collection today … SOCAT Jan. ‘09 Improved metadata in SOCAT will allow OSMC to differentiate cruises OCO Annual Review

netCDF 2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ “drill down” will become available Jan. ‘09 cruise plot ASCII data cruise log (metadata) OCO Annual Review

Relational data bases 2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example #3: IOOS coastal observations(not “climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’” yet, but …) SOS and O&M(*) “Regional” observations * Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards: Sensor Observation Services, Observations & Measurements model OCO Annual Review

All global real-time users Global ocean obs Global met obs GTS Climate “DAC’s” regionA regionB US coastal ocean obs Sea Level Underway NDBC COOPS Time series … SOS, O&M familiar science tools IOOS - OSMC collaboration protocols GTS Several (by datatype) SOS, O&M NDBC custom GTS OSMC IntegratedEcosystemAnalysis HABsforecasts HurricaneIntensity CoastalInnundation Climate

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ Example #3: IOOS coastal observations (conceptual plot:feature available November) IOOS regional platforms OCO Annual Review

2. Integration of …climate ‘DACs’ and ‘GDACs’ • U. Hawaii sea level time series -- Jan. '09 •  OceanSites -- use same techniques (thru GDAC at NDBC) • Carbon underway -- Takahashi collection now. SOCAT Dec. '08 •  SAMOS underway -- anticipate June '09 • IOOS – taking shape in the coming months • other platform programs (unscheduled, details tbd) • Argo -- via FNMOC/NRL GDAC (w/ NOAA funding) • VOS -- at NDBC • Surface drifters - at AOML • SOOP XBTs -- U.S. XBTs only at AOML (International tbd) • Repeat hydrography data • GOSUD -- tbd on completion of SAMOS • NOAA CO-OPS tide gauges (those not on GTS) Roll-out plan by platformOSMC-DAC partnerships OCO Annual Review

3. Integration of … climate products and data IPCC AR4 model outputs:“Graphics such as this from Held and Soden (2006) are so routinely produced from the IPCC AR4 database that we’ve ceased to marvel at it. This is a composite of output from 20 models worldwide….” V. Balaji, GFDL OCO Annual Review

3. Integration of … climate products and data “Often, the anomalies are provided directly in a graph or a table by the respective forecasting centers for the Nino 3.4 region. In some cases, however, they are given for 1-month periods, for 3-month periods that skip some of the periods in the above table, and/or only for a region (or regions) other than Nino 3.4” Tony Barnston -- http://iri.columbia.edu/climate/ENSO/ OCO Annual Review

3. Integration of … climate products and data • Publishing images and analyses of data products on Web sites is worthwhile … • … but it is no longer sufficient. Nor is FTP access to files. •  Making data available through Web services like OPeNDAP and SOS will significantly advance climate science • It can be done at low effort. Many groups are already doing it. OCO Annual Review

Zonal current averaged 130E to 80W Sea Surface Height ECCO-JPL minus SODA Pacific SalinityTime vs longitude Meridional Current Sea Level Height Meridional velocity 3-month average meridional current in Atlantic at 24N Salinity Profile Current Vectors COADS minus ECCO-JPL SODA minus COADS ECCO-JPL minus World Ocean Atlas Surface Salinity Sea Level Zonal current at 160W Salinity at 105m Surface Temperature 3. Integration of … climate products and data GHRSST-JPL ECCO-JPL AVISO OSCAR SODA GODAS OCO Annual Review

3. Integration of … climate products and data Many climate products are already available via OPeNDAP (though not all are kept up to date). Why not all of them ? (GRIB is supported aswell as netCDF-CF)OSMC can offer toolsto compare and evaluateproducts Reynolds bias error with ocean obs OCO Annual Review

3. Integration of … climate products and data The OSMC ‘Climate Services’ tab is a work in progress. Help us succeed bytelling us whatwould be most usefulto you. IT projects are mostsuccessful when theyget strong input fromusers. Adequacy of sampling for SST OCO Annual Review

3. One final topic: metadata • Data needs metadata (standard-format documentation) -- both to be "discoverable" and to provide essential background information • NOAA’s Climate Services plan (short-term goal): a web site (“portal”) where users can locate web sites for NOAA data(This is not “data integration” as we’ve been discussing it.) • The ocean-climate community needs to submit metadata to this portal. • For now a single metadata record for each ocean data activity: drifter program, XBT/SOOP program, Argo program, TAO, etc. • Starting point: Many programs have submitted such metadata to NASA GCMD. But much is out of date, incomplete or misleading. • ACTION ITEM: To meet NOAA's short term goals, Derrick Snowden will be contacting the OCO-funded programs. He’ll try to guess the right contact person …but better if you contact him first. (Thank you Derrick!) OCO Annual Review

Author’s message: • With relatively small amounts of effort we can make “quantum” improvements in access to data from climate DACs • The OSMC project hopes to work in partnership with the DACs 1 by 1 to make this happen • Significant data problems have not been addressed here: QC standards, metadata quality, and data discovery to name a few • Those will be tackled too. Don’t let perfect be the enemy of good. OCO Annual Review

Discussion(Thank you) OCO Annual Review

The Observing System Monitoring Center (OSMC)