Forces in Nature

1. Forces in Nature

2. Forces in Plants (Top part of flap) Turgor Pressure – internal water pressure that prevents wilting and provides support. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tropisms: Growth Responses - Phototropism – growth towards light - Geotropism – roots grow with gravity – stem away - Hydrotropism – roots grow towards water ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Seedling Emergence– seedling stem tip pushes away from gravity to reach sunlight above the ground.

3. Phototropism The plant is growing towards the light Turgor Pressure (wilting) (low turgor pressure) (high turgor pressure) Geotropism Seedling Emergence Stem grows opposite gravity and roots grow with gravity

4. Internal Stimuli (this is on the top flap) Sneezing Fever Internal Stimuli in animals – the body responds to maintain balance Our response when germs and other foreign invaders have entered your body Our bodies raise their temperatures to fight germs and other foreign invaders Animals may vomit to rid themselves of internal contamination

5. Internal Stimuli in Plants Internal Stimuli (this is on the bottom flap)

6. REFLEX – an action that is performed without conscious thought as an automatic response to a stimulus. Example: a person moves their leg instantly when the tendon by their knee is struck Animals’ responses to External Stimuli FIGHT or FLIGHT – an animals response to a threatening situation FIGHT or FLIGHT External Stimuli (this is on the top flap)

7. The Sun is the stimulus. Plants’ Responses to External Stimuli Growing towards it is the response. External Stimuli (this is on the bottom flap)

8. PHOTOSYNTHESIS Plants use the Sun’s radiant energy to make sugar. Energy is stored as food (chemical energy), while releasing O2. Animals do the opposite. We use that chemical energy converting it to movement and heat, while releasing CO2 and H2O.

9. Phototropism Time lapse (tomato) Phototropism Time lapse (corn)