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Why do we have seasons?

Why do we have seasons?. Because of the tilt on our axis!!!!!!! NOT our distance to the sun. SUMMER. WINTER. Dates to Remember. Do Now. Copy down these Earth Facts: Radius – 8,000 miles Circumference 24,900 miles Mass – 5,973,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg Density – 5.5 g/cm3

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Why do we have seasons?

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  1. Why do we have seasons? • Because of the tilt on our axis!!!!!!! • NOT our distance to the sun

  2. SUMMER WINTER

  3. Dates to Remember

  4. Do Now • Copy down these Earth Facts: • Radius – 8,000 miles • Circumference 24,900 miles • Mass – 5,973,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kg • Density – 5.5 g/cm3 • Period of rotation-23 hours 56 min • Equatorial rotation velocity 1,674.4 km/h (465.1 m/s) • Axial tilt 23.5° • Period of Revolution – 365 days 6 hrs 9 min • Average orbital speed 107,200 km/s

  5. The MOON

  6. Lunar Motions • Moon Phase Cycle = 29 ½ days • Moon Revolution = 27 1/3 days • Moon Rotation = 27 1/3 days • Daytime Temperature = 127 degrees Celsius • Night Temperature = -173 degrees Celsius

  7. Properties of the Moon • Diameter = 3,475 km (1/4 the diameter of the Earth – unusually large) • Density = 3.3 g/cubic centimeter (Earth’s is 5.5) • Gravity = 1/6th of the Earth • Moon has no atmosphere or water

  8. Lunar Surface Marias (seas) = dark, relatively smooth areas, ancient lava flows Regolith – layer of dust on the lunar surface that formed from the meteorite impacts Highlands = light colored, mountainous areas that are heavily cratered

  9. Formation of the Moon Impact Theory: • A mars sized object collided with the Earth • The material ejected from the surface of the Earth became the Moon. • This explains… • Why does the Moon have a much lower density than the Earth? • Why does the Moon not have any water?

  10. Mimas (saturn)

  11. Titan (saturn)

  12. Triton (neptune)

  13. Europa (jupiter)

  14. Miranda (uranus)

  15. Io (jupiter)

  16. Phobos and Deimos (mars)

  17. Our Moon

  18. More Moon Fun

  19. Moon Stuff • Perigee – 221,519 miles • Apogee – 252,712 miles • Avg. Distance - 237,700 miles

  20. Moon Phases • Sidereal Month – moon revolution – 27 1/3 days • Synodic Month (moon phase cycle) – 29 ½ days • ALWAYS STARTS WITH A NEW MOON

  21. Moon Phases • The changing appearance of the moon as seen from Earth • CAUSED BY…the changing position of the moon relative to the Earth and the Sun

  22. WAXING PHASES (beginning)

  23. WANING PHASES (dying)

  24. Moon Phase Cycle

  25. Moon Phase Calendar Activity

  26. Solar Eclipse Sun-Moon-Earth Moon is 1/400 the size of the sun and 1/400 the distance to the sun making them look identical in size Umbra – complete shadow Prenumbra – partial shadow

  27. Lunar Eclipse SUN-EARTH-MOON

  28. Tides • Periodic rise and fall of sea level • High Tides occur every 12 hours and 25 minutes (24 hour 50 minute cyle) • Direct Tide – moon pulls the oceans toward it • Indirect Tide – less pull on opposite side causes another bulge

  29. TIDES • Spring Tide – cumulative gravitational pull of the moon AND sun on our oceans. Tides are much Higher and lower than usual. Occurs every Full and New Moon

  30. TIDES • Neap Tides – occur during 1st and 3rd quarter moon phases in which the moon is at a right angle to the Earth compared to the sun. Tides are much LESS strong

  31. Moon Recap Sidereal Month = Period of Revolution = Period of Rotation = 27.3 days Synodic Month = Moon Phase Cycle = Lunar Month = 29.5 days

  32. Moon Recap Physical Characteristics of the Moon Density – 3.3 g/cc = Earth’s crust/mantle ¼ the size of the Earth, 1/6th the gravity Maria = dark, flat, smooth basalt (lava flow) Highlands = mountainous, cratered Regolith = dust that fell all over the moon after meteorite impacts

  33. Moon Recap Phases: • NEW MOON • WAXING CRESCENT • 1st QUARTER • WAXING GIBBOUS • FULL MOON • WANING GIBBOUS • 3rd QUARTER • WANING CRESCENT

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