2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3)

1. 2005-06 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) KEY FINDINGS ON CHILD NUTRITION

2. Topics • Nutritional status of children • Anaemia in children • Infant and young child feeding practices • ICDS coverage

3. Undernutrition in Children under Age 3 Years Percent

4. Undernutrition in Children under Age 3 years Percent

5. Children’s Nutritional StatusVaries by State

6. Topics • Nutritional status of children • Anaemia in children • Infant and young child feeding practices • ICDS coverage

7. Anaemia among Children Age 6-35 Months Percent

8. Anaemia Is Widespread throughout India Children age 6-59 months

9. Children in All Groups Have High Anaemia Prevalence • Percent of children with any anaemia • Urban (63%) • Wealthiest households (56%) • Children whose mother’s have 12+ years of education (55%) • Girls (69%), boys (70%)

10. Topics • Nutritional status of children • Anaemia in children • Infant and young child feeding practices • ICDS coverage

11. Recommended and Actual Breastfeeding Practices • Goal: Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth • Achievement: 25% • Goal: No prelacteal feeding • Achievement: 43% • Goal: Exclusive breastfeeding (6 months) • Achievement: 46%

12. Recommended and Actual Breastfeeding Practices (contd.) • Goal: No bottle feeding • Achievement: 86% • Goal: Timely complementary feeding (age 6-8 months) • Achievement: 53%

13. Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Practices • Goal: Feed breast milk or milk products, and feed a minimum number of times from a minimum number of food groups (age 6-23 months) • Achievement: 21% • Percent of children fed according to all IYCF practices • Same for boys and girls • Twice as high in the highest wealth group as the lowest wealth group • Poorest feeding practices found in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan

14. Topics • Nutritional status of children • Anaemia in children • Infant and young child feeding practices • ICDS coverage

15. ICDS Coverage • In NFHS-3, team supervisors collected information in each enumeration area (EA) on whether or not the EA was covered by an ICDS/anganwadi centre (AWC) and, if so, when the centre was established • 72% of EAs are covered by an AWC • 62% of EAs are covered by an AWC that has existed for at least 5 years

16. ICDS Coverage • More than 90% of EAs are covered by an AWC in Tripura, Tamil Nadu, Mizoram, Karnataka, and Nagaland • The only states where less than half of EAs are covered by an AWC are Meghalaya (27%), Delhi, and Arunachal Pradesh (35% each)

17. ICDS Utilization • Women with one or more children born in the 6 years before the survey were asked about benefits received from an AWC for their young children and benefits they themselves received during pregnancy and while breastfeeding • Although ICDS coverage is fairly high, only 28% of children under age 6 years received any service from an AWC in the last year

18. How Many Children Receive Services from an AWC? Percent of age-eligible children in areas with an AWC

19. Women’s Use of ICDS

20. Prime Minister’s Letter to Chief Ministers of Every State “A number of reports and surveys, including the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) …seem to indicate a noticeable decline in the qualitative aspects of the [ICDS] programme.There is strong evidence that the programme has not led to any substantial improvement in the nutritional status of children under six. Our prevalent rate of under-nutrition in this age group remains one of the highest in the world”.

21. Food for Thought • What innovative steps can nutrition programmes take to address these continuing challenges and improve children’s nutrition?

22. Thank You