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THCA in Head Hair: A Comparison with Fingernail

THCA in Head Hair: A Comparison with Fingernail. Conflict of Interest. Employees of USDTL Privately held company Commercial laboratory Sells hair testing services Internally funded No role in: Study design Data collection Analysis publication. OBJECTIVES. Marijuana usage trends

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THCA in Head Hair: A Comparison with Fingernail

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  1. THCA in Head Hair: A Comparison with Fingernail

  2. Conflict of Interest • Employees of USDTL • Privately held company • Commercial laboratory • Sells hair testing services • Internally funded • No role in: • Study design • Data collection • Analysis • publication

  3. OBJECTIVES • Marijuana usage trends • THCA in hair and nail • Validation w 10 fg/mg LOD • Comparison hair and nail • Conclusions

  4. Trends of Marijuana Use • Most common illicit drug • 2010-17.4 M past month users • 2009 factor 376k ED visits

  5. Trends of Marijuana Use23 States and DC Decriminalized Legalized Medical use Both

  6. Trends of Marijuana Use Daily use 12th graders 6.5% from 5.1% in 2007 12th graders negative perception of regular use 44.1%, lowest since 1979

  7. What Do We Look For? THC THCA

  8. Detection Windows

  9. HOW DO DRUGS GET INTO THE HAIR? #1 ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE SMOKE FUMES CONTACT TRANSFERANCE

  10. HOW DO DRUGS GET INTO THE HAIR? #2 SWEAT AND OIL THESE DRUG AND METABOLITE CONTAINING FLUIDS BATHE THE HAIR SHAFT

  11. HOW DO DRUGS GET INTO THE HAIR? #3 THE BLOOD

  12. Specimen Type: Why Fingernail?

  13. Anatomy of Fingernail NAIL PLATE NAIL MATRIX NAIL BED

  14. Fingernails Are Made of Keratin • Keratin:fibrous structural protein of hair, nails, horn, hoofs, wool, feathers, and of the epithelial cells in the outermost layers of the skin. The polypeptide chains of keratin are arranged in parallel sheets held together by hydrogen bonding. ~Encyclopedia Britannica

  15. Fingernails Are Made of Keratin • These keratin sheets stack on top of each other, giving the nail thickness and length, making adulteration of the specimen difficult.

  16. Incorporation of Drug • Biomarker:  a measurable substance whose presence is indicative of ingestion or exposure to substances of abuse (SOA).

  17. Biomarker Absorption • Biomarkers can be found in nails as early as 1-2 weeks after substances of abuse are ingested. • The time period during which drug ingestion can be detected depends on the substance used, the amount used, and personal metabolism. NAIL MATRIX NAIL BED

  18. THCA Validation Specs • Single point Calibrator – 50 fg/mg • LOQ – 20 fg/mg • LOD – 10 fg/mg • ULOL – 1000 fg/mg • Controls 20, 62.5, and 400 fg/mg • Robust – minimum 22 consecutive days

  19. THCA Validation Results • LOD 10 fg/mg • LOQ 20 fg/mg • ULOL 500 fg/mg • Imprecision < 13.5% • Bias < 13.8% • Stable

  20. What is a Femtogram • 1000 fg = 1 pg • 1000 pg = 1 ng

  21. THCA Low Control

  22. The Collection of Specimen • NIAAA – 1 R44 AA016463-02 (Phase II) • UW- Milwaukee- CABHR • De-identified Remnants

  23. POSITIVITY RATETHCA HAIR/NAIL

  24. MEAN CONCENTRATIONSTHCA HAIR/NAIL Paired Sample t-Test Difference 1449.2 +/- 745.3 t = 1.944, df = 59, P < 0.05

  25. 60 Matched Pairs of Hair and Nail

  26. LIMITATIONS • Accurate self-report • Verified dose administration • Demographics • Prevalence not generalizable • Personal hygiene • Cosmetic treatment

  27. Published Results

  28. CONCLUSION • Method is very sensitive & robust • Nail is a suitable alternative • [THCA] hair/nail strongly associated • Slightly higher positivity rate in nail • [THCA] up to 5x higher

  29. Thank You

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