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Unit 7 Test Review

Unit 7 Test Review. Go Forth and Conquer!!. Politics of the Gilded Age. Belief in limited government Domination of laissez-faire theory Presidents are not innovators Limited issues: Civil Service, Currency, Tariffs Corruption

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Unit 7 Test Review

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  1. Unit 7 Test Review Go Forth and Conquer!!

  2. Politics of the Gilded Age • Belief in limited government • Domination of laissez-faire theory • Presidents are not innovators • Limited issues: Civil Service, Currency, Tariffs • Corruption • Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, Cleveland, McKinley

  3. 1880 Election

  4. The 1884 Election

  5. The 1888 Election

  6. The 1892 Election

  7. The 1896 "Watershed" Election

  8. Populism • Granger movement  Northern and Southern Farmer Alliances  The Populist (People’s Party) • Omaha Platform (1892) • Impact of Panic of 1873 • Coxey’s Army (1894) • The Silver Issue: Bland-Allison Act, Sherman Silver Purchase Act • Impact of Panic of 1893 • Significance of 1896 Election: Populist demise, urban dominance, beginning of modern politics

  9. The Progressive Movement • Origins, motives, philosophy • The muckrakers • Political Reforms in Cities and States: • A. Voter participation • 1. Australian, or secret, ballot • 2. Direct primaries, direct election of U.S. • senators • 3. Initiative, referendum, recall • 4. Social reform

  10. B. Municipal reform 1. Controlling public utilities 2. Commissions and city managers • C. State Reform 1. Robert M. LaFollette and “The Wisconsin Idea” 2. Temperance and prohibition

  11. Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal • “Square Deal” for labor • Trust-busting [Northern Securities Company, Standard Oil] • Railroad regulation: Elkins Act (1903) and Hepburn Act (1906) • Consumer protection: Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle 1. Pure Food and Drug Act 2. Meat Inspection Act • Conservation: Newlands Reclamation Act (1902); established a National Conservation Commission (Gifford Pinchot)

  12. Taft's Presidency • Almost twice as many trust prosecuted • Established Bureau of Mines; set aside federal oil lands • Mann-Elkins Act (1910) • Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments • Payne-Aldrich Tariff (1909) • Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy

  13. Election of 1912

  14. Republican Party Platform • High import tariffs. • Put limitations on female and child labor. • Workman’s Compensation Laws. • Against initiative, referendum, and recall. • Against “bad” trusts. • Creation of a Federal Trade Commission. • Stay on the gold standard. • Conservation of natural resources because they are finite.

  15. Democratic Party Platform: Wilson's "New Freedom" • Government control of the monopolies  trusts in general were bad  eliminate them!! • Tariff reduction. • One-term President. • Direct election of Senators. • Create a Department of Labor. • Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. • Did NOT support women’s suffrage. • Opposed to a central bank.

  16. Progressive Party Platform: Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" • Women’s suffrage. • Graduated income tax. • Inheritance tax for the rich. • Lower tariffs. • Limits on campaign spending. • Currency reform. • Minimum wage laws. • Social insurance. • Abolition of child labor. • Workmen’s compensation.

  17. Socialist Party Platform • Government ownership of railroads and utilities. • Guaranteed income tax. • No tariffs. • 8-hour work day. • Better housing. • Government inspection of factories. • Women’s suffrage.

  18. Woodrow Wilson's Progressive Program • Tariff reduction: Underwood Tariff (1913) • Banking Reform: Federal Reserve Act (1914) • Business regulation: 1. Clayton Antitrust Act (1914) 2. Federal Trade Commission (1914) • Other reforms: 1. Federal Farm Loan Act (1916) 2. Child Labor Act (1916) [declared unconstitutional in the 1918 case of Hammer v. Dagenhart]

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