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Digestive system components

Digestive system components. Primary functions and important details. Mouth. Ingestion Hard palate: works with tongue for swallowing Soft palate: uvula closes the nasopharynx. Salivary Gland Functions. Creates salvia which: Cleans the mouth Dissovles some food chemicals Moistens food

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Digestive system components

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  1. Digestive system components Primary functions and important details

  2. Mouth • Ingestion • Hard palate: works with tongue for swallowing • Soft palate: uvula closes the nasopharynx

  3. Salivary Gland Functions • Creates salvia which: • Cleans the mouth • Dissovles some food chemicals • Moistens food • Produces amylase which breaks down starch

  4. Salivary gland details • Saliva is 97% water. Enzymes, antibodies and proteins are also produced • Mumps is a viral disease that causes swelling

  5. Tongue • Mechanical digestion and propulsion • Forms food into a bolus • Contains papillae with taste buds

  6. Teeth • Mechanical digestion • 4 types: incisors, canines, premolars, molars • 3 parts: crown, neck, root • Cavities are caused by the most common bacterial infection fund in humans

  7. Pharynx • Propulsion • Has three layers of skeletal muscle (no smooth)

  8. Esophagus • Propulsion • Has layers of skeletal and smooth muscle

  9. Stomach Functions • Mechanical digestion using 3 layers of muscle • Chemical digestion • Absorption: asprin, some prescription drugs, and alcohol • Temory storage of chyme

  10. Stomach details • Gastric glands secrete: mucous, HCl acid, pepsin enzyme, gastrin hormone, serotonin and somatostatin hormone, and histamine. • Rennin is an enzyme only produced in childhood • Emetic center controls vomiting

  11. Small Intestine Functions • Mechanical mixing of food with digestive juices • Chemical digestion • absorption

  12. Small intestine details • 3parts: doudenum, jejunum, ileum • Villi and microvilli create the brush border for increasing surface area for absorption • Neutralizes acidic chyme

  13. Liver • Creates bile • Composition of bile: fats, bile salts, pigment, cholesterol, phospholipids

  14. Gall Bladder • Stores bladder • Gallstones can form to clog the bile duct

  15. Pancreas • Creates pancreactic digestive juices • PDJ contains water, enzymes, bicarbonate

  16. Large Intestine functions • Absorption of water • Propulsion • Defecation • Small role in chemical digestion

  17. Large intestine details • 3 parts: ascending, transverse, descending • Bacterial living in the lg. intestine help break down indegestible carbohydrates such as cellulose • These bacterial flora also synthesize B and K vitamins

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