1 / 30

SYNOVIAL JOINT

SYNOVIAL JOINT. Dr Iram Tassaduq. Synovial Joint. Joint in which two bones are separated by a space called a joint cavity Most are freely movable. SALIENT FEATURES. Articular cartilage Capsule Synovial membrane Synovial cavity Synovial fluid Articular discs Ligaments Menisci Bursa

gasha
Download Presentation

SYNOVIAL JOINT

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SYNOVIAL JOINT DrIramTassaduq

  2. Synovial Joint • Joint in which two bones are separated by a space called a joint cavity • Most are freely movable

  3. SALIENT FEATURES • Articular cartilage • Capsule • Synovial membrane • Synovial cavity • Synovial fluid • Articular discs • Ligaments • Menisci • Bursa • Intra articular structures

  4. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE • hyaline cartilage covering the bone surfaces

  5. CAPSULE • fibrous capsule lined by synovial membrane • continuous with periosteum

  6. SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE • Synovial membrane attaches to the margins of the joint surfaces at the interface between cartilage and bone and encloses the articular cavity

  7. SYNOVIAL CAVITY • Joint cavity is synovial cavity • Surrounded by synovial membrane

  8. SYNOVIAL FLUID • viscous slippery fluid rich in albumin & hyaluronic acid & similar to raw egg white

  9. ARTICULAR DISC • Circular rim of fibrous cartilage between articular surfaces of two bones

  10. MENISCUS • Meniscus is an incomplete rim of white fibrous cartilage between articular cartilages. • Shock absorber • Enhancement of congruence • Protection of edges • Weight distribution • Facilitation of movement

  11. BURSA • Lubricating device consist of a closed fibrous sac. • Present wherever tendon rub against bones,ligaments or other tendons

  12. Tendon Sheaths and Bursae • Tendon sheaths = cylinders of connective tissue lined with synovial membrane and wrapped around a tendon

  13. INTRACAPSULAR STRUCTURE

  14. TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINT • Classified according to arrangement of articular surfaces and types of movement • Plane joint • Hinge • Pivot • Condyloid • Ellipsoid • Saddle • Ball and socket

  15. PLANE JOINT • Opposed articular surfaces are flat, allowing bones to slide on one another • Sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joint

  16. HINGE JOINT • Resemble hinge on door • Flexion and extension possible • Elbow, knee and ankle joint

  17. CONDYLOID JOINTS • These are also known as bicondylar joints. There articular surfaces consist of two distinct condyles in which one is fitting into a concave surface of the other bone. These joints mainly permit the movement in plane around a transverse axis. Example of this type of joints is knee joint

  18. PIVOT JOINTS • Pivot joints are formed by a central bony pivot surrounded by an osteo-ligamentous ring. Movements are permitted in one plane around a vertical axis. Examples of this type are superior and inferior radioulnar joints and atlantoaxial joint

  19. SADDLE JOINT • Each articular surface is shaped like a saddle, concave in one direction and convex in the other • Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and rotation • carpometacarpal joint at the base of the thumb

  20. ELLIPSOID JOINTS • Oval convex surface on one bone fits into a similarly shaped depression on the next • radiocarpal joint of the wrist • metacarpophalangeal joints at the bases of the fingers

  21. BALL and SOCKET • Socket deepened by acetabular labrum • Blood supply to head of femur found in ligament of the head of the femur Joint capsule strengthened by ligaments

More Related