Retha de la Harpe Associate Professor IT Department CPUT South Africa

1. Kujali Living Lab A socio-technical interaction network to represent the relationship between a university and communities for meaningful engagement Rethade la Harpe Associate Professor IT Department CPUT South Africa 1 ECIS 2009

2. AGENDA • Background and previous initiatives • The concept of a Living Lab in South Africa • The role of universities with regards to community engagement • Home-based healthcare as the case • A network of collaboration • Challenges • Innovation in this context? • Value proposition • Kujali Living Lab http://www.kujali.co.za

3. Living Labs in Europe versus in Africa • ENOLL: A Living Lab is a real-life test and experimentation environment where users and producers co-create innovations. Living Labs have been characterised by the European Commission as Public-Private-People Partnerships (PPPP) for user-driven open innovation. A Living Lab employs four main activities:  • Co-Creation: co-design by users and producers  • Exploration: discovering emerging usages, behaviours and market opportunities  • Experimentation: implementing live scenarios within communities of users  • Evaluation: assessment of concepts, products and services according to socio-ergonomic, socio-cognitive and socio-economic criteria. • In South Africa, citizens are often seen as passive and adaptive in the innovation process. They merely utilise technology developed elsewhere or prescribed to them by experts external to their situations. • The challenge of developing sustainable solutions that involve the disadvantaged sections of the population highlights the need to understand these user groups thoroughly. • .

4. INDEHELA initiative INDEHELA (Informatics Development for Health in Africa) is a long-term initiative to strengthen the capacity of the participating African higher education institutions to contribute to the socio-economic and human development in their countries, particularly in the scientific field of Health Informatics (HI) and the practice of e-health.

5. Current INDEHELA projects – 1 INDEHELA-ICI INDEHELA-ICI: Institutional Collaboration Instrument for Informatics Development for Health in Africa • Focuses on developing the capacities of three African HEIs in Health Informatics and e-health education in three areas: • Staff development • Educational capacity development • Administrative capacity development. • Partners: Finland: UEF and Savonia; Africa: OAU, UEM, CPUT • Expected timeframe: 3-5 years (two funding periods) • Current funding: 18 months (till end of 2012)

6. Current INDEHELA projects – 2 ISD4D research project African country International collaboration Universities Research Education Relevant socio-tech info systems? Relevant socio-tech methods? Technology providers Healthcare providers Skilled workers, methods Design Mgment Societal development? Community, citizens Socio-tech systems Support Care Needs Services A Holistic Information Systems Development Approach for Societal Development • Funding from the Academy of Finland for 4 years from Sept 2011 • 2 workshops per year, ZA and MZ alternating

7. Being in a University of Technology • McMillan, J. New ways of ‘being’ in the academy: service, context and social justice. Barnett’s (2004; 2009) framework of knowing, doing and being for higher education curricula. • Global debates but local voices. • Barnett, R. Community engagement: being a student in a global age. • Higher education should be a process of community engagement. The questions then are: • what is meant by engagement? • What is meant by community? • How might the relationship between ‘community’ and ‘engagement’ be • understood? • It is exactly on the theoretical level that universities fail to conceptualise the complexities that communities experience and the complexities of the relationship between the university and community for successful engagement

8. Home-based Healthcare Care Inform Educate Social innovation ICT Solution to facilitate the: • care of citizens • home-based care for health-related reasons, e.g., HIV/AIDS • free the care givers’ hands and eyes • assist with communication needs • provide a support service • Recording, processing, transmission and reporting of data or • counseling, e.g. against drug-abuse, gangsterism, etc.; • dissemination of information, e.g., to inform citizens about the problems, their consequences and preventative mechanisms; • education of citizens, e.g., train citizens specific skills, how to deal with a problem, etc.

9. The Context Motherwell & Idutywa, Eastern Cape The Need for Care The Method: Co-Design The Solution: Mobile Applications Current Technology – Paper-based By Whom: Interns

10. The context of Home-based Healthcare in South Africa The need for HBHC in South Africa is enormously high due to • High incidence of HIV/Aids, TB, cancer and other chronic illnesses • TB is the highest cause of death countrywide according to Stats SA • Home-based healthcare provides an alternative service to deal with • The large amount of population living in rural areas cut off from services and infrastructure • overburdened public facilities • In South Africa these services are provided by local non-profit, non-governmental organisations • a decentralised health service offered at local clinic level can improve the delivery of services; • it would reduce transport costs and significantly improve service access and utilization

11. Sister, Care Giver and Patient

12. Care coordinator with care forms

13. Care giver perspective How can/should ICT be used to better capture care data without taking the attention away from the patient? How can/should ICT be used to better support the care service? How can/should ICT be used to provide for better communication between healthcare professionals and care givers?

14. Multi-Level • 3rd years, B.Tech, Masters, Doctoral, Post-doctoral • Multi-Disciplinary • IT, Industrial Design, Graphic Design, Film and Video, Journalism Socio-tech Innovation Hub • Multi-National • South Africa, Angola, Botswana, DRC, Camaroen: Anglophone, Lusophone, Francophone • Multi-Cultural • Xhosa, Afrikaans, English, • Portuguese, • French, Tswane

15. Opportunities / Benefits • Use technology to facilitate a better service provision – Home-based Healthcare Services • Experiment with mobile solutions to establish the appropriateness of such technologies in the African context • Use suitable methods to: • Involve the end-users as active co-designers of their solutions • determine which methods are suitable in these contexts

16. co-design

17. PROTOTYPE

18. Co-design methods • S Sketches of the interactive data capturing form Context mapping

19. TEAM WORK Working together and building teams

20. Mobile Interface Java Open source DBMS JSON to retrieve and send Information to the DB WAP to send and receive data LWUIT framework to create The look and feel on the Mobile phones IT Department - Showcase

21. Admin Application Platform: J2ME VAADIN

22. Different Translations

23. A Network of Collaboration PDC Conference

24. Challenges • Context • Literacy levels • Language • Technology use • Experience in Co-design and mobile app development PDC Prototype Workshop

25. 5-party “Penta” helix in innovation chain HBHC

26. Value Proposition – a Network of Collaboration around a Common Interest Government NGOs, Service Providers, etc. Research Findings; Contribution towards Policies Facilitation of Better Services Funders CPUT Kujali Innovation Incubator Innovations, Ideas, etc. Communities Appropriate Methods & Tools Relevant and useful solutions ICT Provider Experiences, Feedback, Cases, Findings, etc. Relevant & Applied Research, Findings, Frameworks, etc. Prepared Graduates, Developers Research Community Industry Partners

27. Kujali Living Lab LLiSA ENOLL Cape Town – World Design Capital 2014