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Advocacy for Music in the Lives of People. Dr. Glenn E. Nierman •Associate Director & Steinhart Professor University of Nebraska- Lincoln School of Music •President-Elect, National Association for Music Education 402 472-2040 gnierman@unl.edu. Purpose.
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Advocacy for Music in the Lives of People Dr. Glenn E. Nierman •Associate Director & Steinhart Professor University of Nebraska-Lincoln School of Music •President-Elect, National Association for Music Education 402 472-2040 gnierman@unl.edu
Purpose • To understand why we must advocate for music in the lives of young people and to recognize how the trends in today’s world affect our ability to be effective advocates.
AGENDA • Why must we Advocate? • 1. The Purpose of Education • 2. Difficulties of Assessment • How do trends affect music advocacy? • 1. The Political Environment • 2. The Economic Environment • 3. The Sociological Environment • 4. The Technological Environment • Questions & Comments
SETTING THE STAGE • The Concept of Advocacy • Pleading • Supporting • Active espousal, i.e.. the adoption of a cause
Music is not only for the “gifted few,” but for the “not-so-gifted” many.
SETTING THE STAGE • The Concept of Advocacy • Pleading • Supporting • Active espousal, i.e.. the adoption of a cause • Motivation Theory • “I like what I know.” • We are all teachers!
WHY MUST WE ADVOCATE?1. The Purpose of Education • Tension in the Air • Preparation for a Job • Preparation for Life
WHY MUST WE ADVOCATE?1. The Difficulties of Assessment • Cognitive Domain - Knowledge • Right Answers • Affective Domain - Attitudes & Creativity • Varying Shades of “Right”
AGENDA • Why must we Advocate? • 1. The Purpose of Education • 2. Difficulties of Assessment • How do trends affect music advocacy? • 1. The Political Environment • 2. The Economic Environment • 3. The Sociological Environment • 4. The Technological Environment • Questions & Comments
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Expenditures per Pupil in Public Schools Source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for education Statistics (2011). Digest of Education Statistics, 2010 (NCES 2011-015), Table 188 and Chapter 2 .
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Average Teacher’s Salary in the U.S.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Per Pupil Expenditures by State 2009-10
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Schools are narrowing curriculum, shifting instructional time and resources toward math and language arts and away from subjects such as visual art, music, foreign language, and social studies—2011 Survey of 3rd-12th Grade Teachers.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Music Education Participation FRSS Report (Results for 2009-2010) Elementary Schools 94% of elementary schools offer music 91% of elementary schools employed music specialists 93% of elementary schools that offered music offered it at least once per week Secondary Schools 91% of secondary schools offer music 81% of schools with the highest poverty level offered music 96% of schools with the lowest poverty concentration offered music 57% of schools required some arts coursework for graduation Full report: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2011/2011078.pdf
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Lower Dropout Rates
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Schools with Music Programs (as opposed to those without music programs) also have . . . • higher graduation rates (90.2% - 72.9%) • higher attendance rates (93.3% - 84.9%)
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Adults who were involved with music in their lives as students also say that this experience equipped them to be . . . • better team players in their career (72%) • more disciplined problem-solvers (66%) • better managers of job-related tasks (64%)
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political Environment • Seven in ten U.S. adults say that music education had at least some influence on their current level of personal fulfillment, with more than one-third (37%) saying that their music education has been extremely or very influential.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Political EnvironmentImplications • What advocacy efforts will best address the narrowing of the curriculum? • What advocacy efforts will lead to more funding for arts programs?
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic Environment • The Economic Impact of the Arts--The % of college-bound seniors with 4 years of arts or music has grown from 15% to 20% among all SAT test-takers over the last 10 years, even as there have been decreases in K-12 arts education overall.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic Environment • Businesses & the Arts • There are 904,581 businesses in the U.S. involved in the creation of distribution of the arts. • These businesses employ 3.34 million people, representing 4.25% of all businesses and 2.15% of all employees
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic Environment • Public Spending on Education as a % of Gross Domestic Product https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2206rank.html • USA = 44th of 163 Nations (5.5%) • Denmark = 11th(7.8%) • Norway = 17th (6.8%) • UK = 43rd (5.5%) • Cuba = 2nd(13.6%)
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic Environment • Public Spending on the Arts • $150-160 billion; down about 1.72% • Nationally, the nonprofit arts and culture industry generates $166.2 billion in economic activity every year.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic Environment • Government Arts Spending Compared with 10 Nations: Australia, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States (NEA, 2000) • Sweden, France = $57 per person • UK = $26, Australia = $25 • USA = $9, lowest!
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic Environment • Nonprofit Giving Trends • Education funding increased 3.5% • Arts giving increased 4.1% • Giving to the arts ranks 6th in the type of nonprofit receiving donations.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Economic EnvironmentImplications • If nonprofit giving is up, then how can we target key advocacy messages to increase the numbers of supporters and donors? • What advocacy efforts will lead to more funding for arts programs?
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Sociological Environment • Population Demographics 2011
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Sociological Environment • Student Demographics 2009
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Sociological Environment • Digital Track Sales by Core Genre
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Sociological Environment • Genre Album Sales Report
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Sociological Environment • Proportion of Time Spent Listening to Music by 8-18 year olds--2009
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Sociological EnvironmentImplications • What do we need to do to reach the “not-so-gifted” many? • What do the listening habits of our youth say to teachers?
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Technological Environment • Smartphone ownership has more than doubled • in the past 2 years.
TRENDS AFFECTING ADVOCACYThe Technological EnvironmentImplications • What does the Smartphone revolution mean to music advocacy?