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ELECTRIC CIRCUITS 20.1

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS 20.1. Chapter Twenty: Electric Circuits. 20.1 Charge 20.2 Electric Circuits 20.3 Current and Voltage 20.4 Resistance and Ohm’s Law . Chapter 20.1 Learning Goals. Define static electricity and discuss its causes.

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ELECTRIC CIRCUITS 20.1

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  1. ELECTRIC CIRCUITS 20.1

  2. Chapter Twenty: Electric Circuits • 20.1 Charge • 20.2 Electric Circuits • 20.3 Current and Voltage • 20.4 Resistance and Ohm’s Law

  3. Chapter 20.1 Learning Goals • Define static electricity and discuss its causes. • Explain what it means when an object is electrically charged. • Discuss the relationship between like and unlike charges.

  4. Key Question: What is static electricity? Investigation 20C Electric Charge

  5. 20.1 Electric charge • Electric charge, like mass, is also fundamental property of matter. • Inside atoms found in matter, attraction between positive and negative charges holds the atoms together.

  6. 20.1 Charge • Virtually all the matter around you has electric charge because atoms are made of electrons and protons (and neutrons). • Because ordinary matter has zero net (total) charge, most matter acts as if there is no electric charge at all.

  7. 20.1 Electric and magnetic forces • Whether two charges attract or repel depends on whether they have the same or opposite sign. • A positive charge attracts a negative charge and vice versa. • Two similar charges repel each other.

  8. 20.1 Electrical forces • The unit of charge is the coulomb (C). The name was chosen in honor of • Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), the French physicist who performed the first accurate measurements of the force between charges.

  9. 20.1 Electrical forces • Electric forces are incredibly strong. • A millimeter cube of carbon the size of a pencil point contains about 77 coulombs of positive and negative charge.

  10. 20.1 Electrical forces • Lightning is caused by a giant buildup of static charge. • The cloud, air, and ground can act like a giant circuit. • All the accumulated negative charges flow from the cloud to the ground, heating the air along the path (to as much as 20,000°C) so that it glows like a bright streak of light.

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