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SPL Project & HIE-ISOLDE SC-RF Cavities

SPL Project. SPL Project & HIE-ISOLDE SC-RF Cavities. Sergio Calatroni. LHC luminosity ramp-up. From: R. Garoby. Linac4 + IR upgrade phase 1.

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SPL Project & HIE-ISOLDE SC-RF Cavities

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  1. SPL Project SPL Project&HIE-ISOLDE SC-RF Cavities Sergio Calatroni

  2. LHC luminosity ramp-up From: R. Garoby Linac4 + IR upgrade phase 1 “After 8 to 10 years, depending upon the rate of ramp-up of the LHC performance, the halving time of the statistical experimental errors will exceed 5 years.” (R. Garoby, LHC Project Report 1110) Early operation Collimation phase 2 Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  3. Future CERN accelerators – proton chain SPS-U 2013? HIE-ISOLDE 2013? PS2 2017 SPL 2017 PS Linac4 2013 From: R. Garoby Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  4. LHC injectors LHC upgrade scenarios Proton flux / Beam power 50 MeV Linac2 Linac4 160 MeV PSB (LP)SPL 1.4 GeV 4 GeV LHC beam scenarios PS 26 GeV PS2 50 GeV Output energy SPS 450 GeV SPS+ 1 TeV LHC / SLHC DLHC 7 TeV ~ 14 TeV From: R. Garoby From: E. Shaposhnikova Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  5. SPL parameters From: F. Gerigk Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  6. Superconducting cavities: families 288 cavities in LEP2 242 Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  7. SPL cryomodule layout From: F. Gerigk Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  8. DESY series tests on 9-cell cavities, EP only Ea = 28.1 ± 5.2 MV/m Ep=56.2 MV/m Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  9. “Quench Only” DESY 9-cell Cavities (EP cavities only) Ea= 29.8 ± 6.9 MV/m Compiled by H.Padamsee from DESY Data Base, TTC Meeting at DESY, January 14 - 17, 2008 Bp=120 mT Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  10. ORNL/SNS/JLAB results – BCP only Ep=40.4 MV/m high b Ea= 18.2 ± 2.6 MV/m Source: I. E. Campisi and S.–H. Kim,SNS Superconducting Linac operating experience and issues, Accelerator Physics and Technology Workshop for Project X, November 12-13, 2007 http://projectx.fnal.gov/Workshop/Breakouts/HighEnergyLinac/agenda.html low b Ea= 17.1 ± 1.9 MV/m Ep=46.7 MV/m Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  11. Field scaling in low beta cavities Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  12. Choice of EP • SPL goal: 25 MV/m accelerating field for β =1 • SPL goal: 19 MV/m accelerating field for β= 0.65 • These values have been chosen because they are (and we want to achieve) state-of-the art performance. • Must be obtained reliably on fully equipped cryomodules • Statistically, only EP processed cavities can reach these goals (FE, quenches, etc.) Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  13. Electropolishing: diffusion layer At the cathode, with no competing reaction: Overpotential, in practice the voltage across the cell Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  14. Polishing effect From: Leonel Ferreira Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  15. Polarisation curves Niobium Copper Polishing Production of O2 bubbles, electrolysis of H2O From: Leonel Ferreira Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  16. Low-β cavities HIPPI 704 MHz β=0.5 cavity Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  17. Vertical EP • Vertical EP introduced for simplicity and safety of operation, better control of viscous diffusion layer, better reproducibility • However it was made possible by numerical modelling of EP process with the Elsy 2D/3D code, taking into account all chemical and electrical variables, for cathode shape optimisation, in order to prevent gas accumulation at the surfaces Cathode active region Uniform current density over all the cell surface Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  18. Surface treatments: goals • Develop treatment for SPL sc cavities at CERN (In particular for β= 0.65) (*) The HPWR has not been operated for > 2 years. Diagnostics, controls, need to be replaced. All system needs cleaning/revamping. A proposal was made for last year (“SCRF facility”), we re-iterate this request for 2010 Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  19. Vacuum: goals • Contribute to cryomodule design • Cryogenics/vacuum sectorisation • Coupler issues: surface treatments, outgassing Too early for clear definition of objectives and deliverables Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  20. HIE-ISOLDE

  21. “ISOL: Such an instrument is essentially a target, ion source and an electromagnetic mass analyzer coupled in series. The apparatus is aid to be on-line when the material analyzed is directly the target of a nuclear bombardment, where reaction products of interest formed during the irradiation are slowed down and stopped in the system. H. Ravn and B.Allardyce, 1989, Treatise on heavy ion science Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  22. Exploring the nuclear landscape • A few-body system of hadrons (neutrons and protons) with many remaining question marks • “Largest” system where strong and weak interaction are manifested • “Applications” • Astrophysics – CERN PP • Condensed matter • Energy • Medicine From: M. Lindroos Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  23. Post acceleration 2.2 MeV/u 3.1 MeV/u A < 45 4.3 MeV/u A < 85 • Challenges when accelerating radioactive ions: • Low intensity • Short half lives • Charge state A < 145 From: M. Lindroos Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  24. HIE-ISOLDE beam parameters Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  25. Why superconducting linac? • SC linacs maintain beam quality for energy variable machines • The maximum effective voltage can be applied to lighter masses so to have a higher final energy. • SC linacs provide the highest flexibility of operation • Quarter waver cavities already well-known in several labs • Nb/Cu technology chosen over bulk-Nb for mechanical stability (reduction of microphonics and sensitivity to He bath pressure), no magnetic shielding (simpler cryostat), lower cost Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  26. Low-β cavity Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  27. High-β cavity Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  28. ISOLDE - now Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  29. HIE linac staged installation 3 stages installation 1.2 MeV/u 3 MeV/u 5.5 MeV/u 10 MeV/u From: M. Pasini Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  30. Our mandate (-> present) • Lead the work to transform the RF design into a real accelerating cavity that satisfies design specifications. • Coordination of mechanical design: for the cavity, the coating system, the chemistry facilities and all related tooling. To set-up SC samples testing • Coordination of mechanical fabrication • Optimisation of surface treatment and coating • Definition of vacuum overall layout for cryomodule Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  31. A few photos Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  32. Design of bias sputter coating system Vacuum tank Cavity Thermal shield Cooling Sputtering cathode Cooling feedthrough HV feedthrough Pump connection Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  33. Study of clean room assembly 1.Installation Bride de Base 2. Installation Dépôt Niobium 3. Enlèvement Rehausses 4. Installation Cavité Ø300 Sens Montage 5. Installation Tank Inférieur 6. Installation Tank Supérieur 7. Enlèvement Rehausses 8. Equipement prêt pour sortir From: G. Villiger Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  34. Additional equipment Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  35. Cryostat design - ISOLDE The choice between common vacuum (beam and cryostat insulation) and separate vacuum has been studied in detail, each solution has been given a ranking as a function of several criteria. Published at LINAC ‘08 Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  36. VSC further implications • Cavity prototype: coating development, surface treatment optimization, achieve nominal specifications by end 2009 • Giulia Lanza, Antonio Mongelluzzo, Jean Cave, Leonel Ferreira, Serge Forel. • HIE-linac general vacuum layout: define requirements and specifications, hardware definition, diagnostics. • Jan Hansen • HIE-ISOLDE front end: optimization of vacuum issues (hardware location, maintenance) in a highly radioactive environment • Kurt Weiss Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

  37. Finally Sergio Calatroni - 3.4.2009

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