Unit 9 Intercultural Communication

1. 世纪商务英语综合教程 III 返回 www.themegallery.com Unit 9Intercultural Communication http://www.dutpgz.cn

2. Marketing The core of intercultural communication (also called cross-cultural communication) is to establish and understand how people from different cultures communicate with each other. Its charge is to produce some guidelines with which people from different cultures can better communicate with each other. In other words, living and working abroad would be really easy if everyone spoke and behaved in the same way. But, as soon as you leave your own culture, it quickly becomes clear that things are not the same. There are small or large differences between cultures. And how well you are able to deal with these differences will affect how good your experience will be. www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

3. 1 1 Lead-in 1 2 Text A 3 Text B 4 Real Life Practice 5 Practical Writing Contents www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

4. 1 2 3 4 Listening Presentation Spot Dictation Discussion Lead-in Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

5. Tape Script Lead-in 1 Listening Part 1 Listen to the mini-lecture and try to figure out the stages of culture shock. Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 _____________________ honeymoon stage _____________________ horror stage _____________________ humor stage _____________________ home stage Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

6. Tape Script Lead-in 1 Listening Part 2 Listen to the mini-lecture again and choose the best answer for each question. 1. In the first stage, the visitors feel that everything is ______. A. new and interesting B. strange and annoying C. curious but not very good 2. In the second stage, the visitors ______. A. feel more curious about the new culture. B. often begin to dislike the new culture. C. begin to be afraid of the new culture 1 √ 2 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

7. Tape Script Lead-in 1 Listening Part 2 Listen to the mini-lecture again and choose the best answer for each question. 3. In the third stage, the visitors often realize that ______. A. the new culture is humorous B. their early mistakes are funny C. they should reflect on the new culture 4. In the final stage, the visitors begin to feel that ______. A. they are comfortable with the new culture B. they want to go back to their home countries C. they still don’t like to live in the foreign country 3 √ 4 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

8. Lead-in 2 Presentation The following issue is connected with cross-cultural communication. Discuss the questions with your partner and make a presentation to explain your list. With over 70% of communication between people being non-verbal, you need to know how to act to be properly understood. Also, if you behave in ways that people don’t understand or don’t like they may judge you negatively, not take you seriously, or even think that there is something wrong with you. For example, in some cultures it is wrong to make eye contact but in others it is expected. If you get it wrong, people may think that you are insulting them. 1. How many “hidden” rules of your culture can you list? 2. What are the reasons behind these “hidden” rules? Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

9. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation Four speakers are talking about their experiences of working in a culturally different country. Listen to their stories and fill in the missing information. Speaker 1 In 1 you give a kiss to women and, yeah, usually here you may 2 . I gave a kiss to a friend’s wife. That would be pretty 3 in Argentina, but not in 4 . She felt a little bit 5 but that was it. ______________ Latin America ______________ shake hands _________ normal __________ London __________ shy Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

10. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation Speaker 2 I think the 1 thing that sort of happened to me was when I, one day, wore my TATE gallery T-shirt to work and it has got TATE written in huge 2 on it. I sat at my desk and then I realized that all the 3 that came in grinned at me broadly. After sometime I just asked another colleague, like, “4 ?” Then the colleague was a bit 5 and he explained to me that in French TATEZ means to 6 . TATE is the imperative and so I was wearing this T-shirt saying, like, touch, all day. __________ funniest ___________ pink letters ___________________ French colleagues _____________________ What’s going on here ______________ embarrassed __________ touch Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

11. Lead-in 3 Spot Dictation Speaker 3 It actually feels still 1 to me if I have to 2 my boss or somebody else who is 3 , with the 4 form. _________ __________ strange address _______________ __________ older than me informal Speaker 4 Nowadays I personally feel that I don’t have any 1 in comparison to any of my English colleagues. Actually, many of my patients and their parents do 2 very much of me not being 3 and they appreciate, very much, for example, some 4 that are stereotypically 5 . _______________ disadvantage ______________ __________ appreciate it English __________ skills __________ German Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

12. Lead-in 4 Discussion Discuss the flowing questions with your partner and report your answers to the class. 1. What are the differences between Chinese and Americans when greeting and addressing other people? 2. Are there skills or expertise that are stereotypically Chinese? Make a list of them and give your reasons. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

13. Text A Reading • Part 1 Comprehension • Part 2 Vocabulary • Part 3 Translation • Part 4 Sumplementary Reading • Part 5 Discussion • Part 3 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

14. Text A Reading Read the passage about cross-cultural communication strategies and answer the following questions. 1. Why is it highly possible for people from different cultures to misunderstand each other even when they communicate in the same language? Because cultures provide people with ways of thinking — ways of seeing, hearing, and interpreting the world. Thus the same words can mean different things to people from different cultures, even when they talk the “same” language. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 2. How should people act when conflicts appear in cross-cultural communication? To stop, listen, and think. This means withdraw from the situation, step back, and reflect on what is going on before you act. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

15. Text A Reading Read the passage about cross-cultural communication strategies and answer the following questions. 3. What’s the function of active listening in cross-cultural communication? Active listening can sometimes be used to check this out — by repeating what one thinks he or she heard, one can confirm that one understands the communication accurately. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 4. In what ways does an intermediary help in cross-cultural communication situations? _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ They can translate both the substance and the manner of what is said. They can also adjust the timing of what is said and done. 5. What might be the problem when a mediator is from the same country as one of the disputants? _____________________________________________________________ This gives the appearance of bias. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

16. Text A Reading New Words cross-cultural communication n. 跨文化交流 forgiving [fE5^IvIN] a. 宽大的 balcony [5bAlkEni] n. 阳台 tense [tens] a. 紧张的 withdraw [wIT5drC:] v. 收回,撤消 reflect on 思考,反省 misinterpret [7mIsIn5t\:prIt] v. 曲解 tone down 使缓和 timing [5taImIN] n. 时间选择 rapport [rA5pC:] n. 和谐,友好 mediator [5mi:dieItE] n. 调停者,斡旋者 intermediary [7int?5mi:diEri] n. 仲裁者,调解者 procedural [prE5si:dVErEl] a. 程序上的 nationality [7nAFE5nAlIti] n.国籍 disputant [dI5spju:tEnt] n. 争论者 bias [5baIEs] n. 偏见 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

17. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 1 Effective communication with people of different cultures is especially challenging. Thus the same words can mean different things to people from different cultures, even when they speak the “same” language. When the languages are different, and translation has to be used to communicate, the potential for misunderstandings increases. Cultures provide people with ways of thinking — ways of seeing, hearing, and interpreting the world. 破折号表示解释说明，即后面的内容是对ways of thinking的补充解释。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

18. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 2 The key to effective cross-cultural communication is knowledge. Firstly, it is essential that people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication, and make a conscious effort to overcome these problems. Secondly, it is important to assume that one’s efforts will not always be successful, and adjust one’s behavior appropriately. it is essential that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词要用should+动词原型，should可以省略；understand和make并列做从句的谓语。 it是形式主语，assume和adjust是并列的动词不定式，在句中做真正的主语。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

19. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 3 For example, one should always assume that there is a significant possibility that cultural differences are causing communication problems, and be willing to be patient and forgiving, rather than hostile and aggressive, if problems develop. One should respond slowly and carefully in cross-cultural exchanges, not jumping to the conclusion that you know what is being thought and said. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

20. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 4 Cross-cultural communication expert William Ury’s suggestion for heated conflicts is to stop, listen, and think, or as he puts it “go to the balcony” when the situation gets tense. By this he means to from the situation, step back, and reflect on what is going on before you act. withdraw withdraw 1) v. to stop taking part in an activity, belonging to an organization etc  ●A knee injury forced her to withdraw from the competition. 2) if a product or service is withdrawn, it is no longer offered for sale or use withdraw something from sale/from the market  ● The drug has been withdrawn from the market for further tests. 3) to take money out of a bank account  ● This credit card allows you to withdraw up to ￡200 a day from ATMs. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

21. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 5 This helps in cross-cultural communication as well. When things seem to be going badly, stop or slow down and think. What could be going on here?Is it possible I what they said, or they misinterpreted me? Often misinterpretation is the source of the problem. misinterpreted misinterpret vt. to not understand the correct meaning of something that someone says or does, or of facts that you are considering  ● My speech has been misinterpreted by the press. misinterpret something as something  ● She had misinterpreted his silence as anger. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

22. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 6 Active listening can sometimes be used to check this out — by repeating what one thinks he or she heard, one can confirm that he or she understands the communication accurately. If words are used differently between languages or cultural groups, however, even active listening can overlook misunderstandings. 7 Often intermediaries who are familiar with both cultures can be helpful in cross-cultural communication situations. 8 They can translate both the substance and the manner of what is said. For instance, they can tone down strong statements that would be considered appropriate in one culture but not in another, before they are given to people from a culture that does not talk together in such a strong way. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

23. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies They can also adjust the timing of what is said and done. Some cultures move quickly to the point; others talk about other things long enough to establish or a relationship with the other person. If discussion on the primary topic begins too soon, the group that needs a “warm-up” first will feel uncomfortable. A mediator or intermediary who understands this can explain the problem, and make appropriate procedural adjustments. rapport rapport n. ［singular, U］ a good understanding of someone and an ability to communicate well with them  ● She has an excellent rapport with her staff. establish/build up/develop (a) rapport  ● He built up a good rapport with the team members.  ● We’d worked together for years and developed a close/good rapport. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

24. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies 9 Yet sometimes intermediaries can make communication even more difficult. If a mediator is the same culture or nationality as one of the disputants, but not the other, this gives the appearance of bias. Even when bias is not intended, it is common for a mediator to be more supportive or more understanding of the people who are of his or her own culture, simply because he or she understand them better. Even when...让步状语从句；主句是it is common；it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to be...；who引导定语从句，修饰person；his or her指代mediator；because引导原因状语从句；he or she指代mediator。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

25. Text A Reading Cross-cultural Communication Strategies Yet when the mediator is of a third cultural group, the potential for cross-cultural misunderstandings increases further. In this case, engaging in extra discussions about the process and the manner of carrying out the discussions is appropriate, as is extra time for confirming and re-confirming understandings at every step in the dialogue or negotiating process. 主句是engaging in extra discussions...is appropriate。 as is/was/does, etc: used to add that what you have said is also true of someone or something else  ●I voted Labour, as did my wife.  ● Eve’s very tall, as was her mother. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

26. Text A Comprehension Choose the best answer for each question according to the passage. 1. What’s the key to reducing misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication? A. Working with a qualified translator. B. Speaking the same language. C. Making an effort to solve related problems. D. Having the knowledge of potential problems and difficulties. 2. In cross-cultural communication situations, people should _______. A. be patient and tolerant B. be hostile and aggressive C. respond quickly D. make conclusions quickly 3. What does the phrase “go to the balcony” (Para. 4, Line 2) most probably mean? A. Listen carefully. B. Go outside. C. Take some time for consideration. D. Take actions. 1 √ 2 √ 3 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

27. Text A Comprehension Choose the best answer for each question according to the passage. 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Some statements which are proper in one culture might be taken as too strong in another culture. B. The intermediaries need to adjust the process of communication. C. In some cultures, people tend to make some small talks before getting down to business. D. Qualified intermediaries can eliminate misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication. 5. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that it is better to _______. A. work without intermediaries in that they often cause misunderstandings B. use a mediator who is of the same culture with one of the disputants C. use a mediator who is of a third culture D. take some time to discuss the process of communication 4 √ 5 √ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

28. Answer Text A Vocabulary Part 1 Match the expressions on the left with the explanations on the right. 1. A 2. F 3. D 4. E 5. H 6. B 7. C 8. G Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

29. Text A Vocabulary Part 2 Complete the sentences with the following expressions. Change the form where necessary. tense mediator interpret reflect on tone down bias timing withdraw primary engage in 1. There has always been a slight in favor of employing arts graduates in the company. 2. His refusal to work late was as a lack of commitment to the company. 3. The two governments have agreed to a comprehensive dialogue to resolve the problem. 4. The Red Cross’s concern is to preserve and protect human life. 5. Eleven million bottles of water had to from sale due to a health scare. ___________ bias ____________ interpreted _____________ engage in ___________ primary ______________ be withdrawn Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

30. Text A Vocabulary Part 2 Complete the sentences with the following expressions. Change the form where necessary. tense mediator interpret reflect on tone down bias timing withdraw primary engage in 6. The manager demanded time to how to promote sales. 7. In his public statement the minister his criticisms he had made in private. 8. Ferry schedules and precise are subject to weather conditions on the day of departure. 9. The situation in that area remains and dangerous. 10. She called in a to settle the dispute. ____________ reflect on _____________ toned down ___________ timings ___________ tense _____________ mediator Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

31. Text A Translation Part 1 Translate the following sentences, using the expressions given in the brackets. 1. 你最好把你文章里的攻击性语句写得含蓄些｡(tone down) _______________________________________________________________ You’d better tone down the more offensive remarks in your article. 2. 我们采取行动之前必须充分考虑市场可能产生的效应｡(reflect on) _______________________________________________________________ The likely reactions of the market would need to be reflected on before we act. 3. 政府收回残币使之不再流通｡(withdraw) _______________________________________________________________ The government withdraws worn out money from use. 4. 在跨文化交际飞速发展的今天,翻译作为一种中介元素,占有极其重要的地位｡ (cross-cultural communication) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ In the rapid development of crosscultural communication of today, translation, as an intermediate element, holds an essential position. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

32. Text A Translation Part 2 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. For example, one should always assume that there is a significant possibility that cultural differences are causing communication problems, and be willing to be patient and forgiving, rather than hostile and aggressive, if problems develop. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 例如，人们应该总是假定文化差异很有可能导致交流问题，并在出现问题的时候，乐于以耐心和宽容之心对待，而不是采取敌对和攻击的态度。 2. One should respond slowly and carefully in cross-cultural exchanges, not jumping to the conclusion that you know what is being thought and said. 在跨文化交谈过程中，人们应该慢一些、小心地谈话，而不应该迅速得出结论认为你明白对方的想法和话语。 _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

33. Text A Translation Part 2 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 3. Active listening can sometimes be used to check this out — by repeating what one thinks he or she heard, one can confirm that he or she understands the communication accurately. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 积极聆听可以用来检查是否出现误解——通过重复自己认为别人是什么意思，他就可以确定他是否准确地理解了交流的内容。 4. For instance, they can tone down strong statements that would be considered appropriate in one culture but not in another, before they are given to people from a culture that does not talk together in such a strong way. _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 例如，语气很强的语言在一种文化里是适合的，而在另一种文化里是不适合的，如果听话者的文化比较习惯于委婉的语言，那么中间人在翻译时，就可以将这种强语气翻译得缓和一些。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

34. Text A Supplementary Reading Read the following passage and fill in each blank with an appropriate from the box. corresponds translation misunderstanding assume confirm interpret communication conflicts Language differences greatly increase 1 problems, even if the speakers have some knowledge of the others’ language. Language is so much more than words; it is also a way of thinking, seeing and defining the world. As a result, accurate 2 , especially of abstract ideas, is very difficult. When this problem is added to all the other problems with communication during 3 , situations can get very difficult to manage, and the chances for 4 is extremely high. ______________ communication ____________ translation ___________ conflicts __________________ misunderstanding Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

35. Text A Supplementary Reading Read the following passage and fill in each blank with an appropriate from the box. corresponds translation misunderstanding assume confirm interpret communication conflicts Successful communication requires that the parties listen actively and carefully — asking questions and 5 interpretations to make sure they understand what the other person means. However, people seldom work this hard at listening. Often in conflicted situations, they hardly listen at all. Rather, while their opponent is talking, they are busy planning their own response. They tend to 6 things to coincide with the views that they already have. For this reason, they 7 they know and understand what other people are saying, because they assume that it 8 to their own expectations about what the person is likely to say or “should” be saying. This frequently leads to misunderstandings. ____________ confirming ____________ interpret ___________ assume _______________ corresponds Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

36. Text A Discussion Have you ever met some people from different cultures? What are the commonest problems in such cases? Discuss with your partner and list some possible answers. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

37. Text B Reading • Part 1 Comprehension • Part 2 Vocabulary • Part 3 Translation • Part 4 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

38. Text B Reading New Words and Expressions merger [5m\:dVE] n. 合并,归并 analyst [5AnElIst] n. 分析家 mold [mEJld] v. 塑造 state-owned a. 国有的 powerhouse [5paJEhaJs] n. 强大的集团或组织 merge [m\:dV] v. 合并 scatter [5skAtE] v. 分散 formidable [5fC:mIdEbEl] a. 强大的,令人敬畏的 acquisition [7AkwI5zIFEn] n. 并购 meld [meld] v. 混合,合并 fusion [5fju:VEn] n. 融合, 熔合 incorporate [In5kC:pEreIt] v. 合并 senior management n. 高级管理层 compromise [5k?mprEmaIz] n. 妥协, 折衷 integrate [In5tI^reIt] v. (使)成为一体 integrity [In5te^rIti] n. 正直,诚实 paramount [5pArEmaJnt] a. 极为重要的 margin [5mB:dVIn] n. 利润 mechanism [5mekEnIzEm] n. 机制 resolve [rI5z?lv] v. 解决 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

39. Text B Reading Lenovo Group Limited today . But it wants more. It has been trying hard to become a household word in the world since its merger with IBM PC business. Its success has amazed many people outside China. is a household name in China Lenovo —What are the challenges that Lenovo is facing after the merger? 1 When Lenovo made the US $1.75 billion purchase of the IBM unit, completed in May, 2005, many analysts doubted whether a company molded in the tradition of state-owned enterprises could transform itself into a global computer powerhouse. be a household name/word: to be very well known ● Coca Cola is a household name around the world. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

40. Text B Reading Lenovo The merged company would combine Lenovo’s staff of 10,000 employees, almost all in Beijing, with the IBM PC division’s staff of 10,000 — about one-fifth in North Carolina, nearly one-half in China and the rest scattered around the world. One of the most formidable obstacles will be integrating the corporate cultures. The company’s principal operations are in Beijing, China and Raleigh, North Carolina, US. 2 Now, Lenovo Group is a leader in the global PC market, with approximately US $13 billion in annual revenues. 独立结构with+名词+介词做状语。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

41. Text B Reading Lenovo 3 The following interview with Yang Yuanqing, Chairman, Lenovo Group, reveals how Lenovo have integrated the two corporate cultures. 4 Reporter: Did Lenovo’s acquisition of IBM’s PC business bring new challenges? 5 Yang: The acquisition meant that we had to integrate two organizations, two groups of people and two traditions into a single system. We had to recognize the cultural differences between the two corporations, and between East and West, and find ways to meld them. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

42. Text B Reading Lenovo 6 Reporter: How have you integrated the eastern and western corporate cultures? 7 Yang: This was one of the greatest challenges. I think that we have achieved significant results. Ideally, as an international company, we would like to think of ourselves as having one culture. But a company cannot transcend the cultures of nations. There are complex differences between East and West. We have had to accept and understand these differences. American companies doing business in China must learn about and understand Chinese culture. The same applies to the Chinese when they do business overseas. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

43. Text B Reading Lenovo 8 In companies like ours, we must create a new corporate culture, which will equip us to develop in the new global environment. This must be all-embracing, a fusion that incorporates the cultures of East and West and does not simply adopt one or the other. We can only do this if we integrate to the highest standards. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

44. Text B Reading Lenovo 9 After the acquisition I told senior management from both sides that I expected trust, respect and . I told them that these were essential if we hoped to integrate successfully. Secondly, I said that we had to establish a new corporate culture so that we could move forward. compromise compromise 1) n. an agreement in an argument in which the people involved reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree  ● It is hoped that a compromise will be reached in today’s talks.  ● In a compromise between management and unions, a 4% pay rise was agreed in return for an increase in productivity.  ● The government has said that there will be no compromise with terrorists. 2) vi. to reach an agreement in which everyone involved accepts less that what they wanted at first  ● Well, you want $400 and I say $300, so let’s compromise at/on $350.  ●His workmates demanded that he never compromise with the bosses. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

45. Text B Reading Lenovo At the core are the basic elements of any successful business, such as integrity and concern for the customers. 10 Since then we have divided our corporate culture into three. This is what any successful enterprise must do, no matter how you describe it. 此句是倒装句，表语At the core前置，构成主谓倒装，即主语the basic elements置于谓语are之后。 integrity n. the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right  ● No one doubted that the president was a man of the highest integrity. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

46. Text B Reading Lenovo 11 The second element of our corporate culture is flexibility. Prices and technology change rapidly in our industry. We must have a culture that has speed at its heart. We must be disciplined. Efficiency is paramount because we are working in a low-profit margin industry. 12 It is not a case that eastern or western cultures are right or better. We use whatever is appropriate in a particular situation. We do not say we will solve a problem using the Lenovo or IBM method. Instead, we ask which culture, or fusion of cultures, will help us succeed. This approach is about respect and compromise. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

47. Text B Reading Lenovo We tried to choose the methods that had worked best in the past. For example, IBM had an excellent management system that included a list of work that had to be done every month, every week and every day. We thought this was an excellent system and have incorporated it into our global business. It is also a mark of respect to IBM that we have done this. 13 We knew that there would be differences in management systems, the way that work was organized and how staff thought and behaved. the way...是management systems的同位语；that和how引导的两个定语从句并列修饰先行词way。 Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

48. Text B Reading Lenovo 14 We appreciate that there are conflicts that arise from our different corporate and national cultures. Conflict is not necessarily bad, but there must be mechanisms for it. That is what we have tried to do. resolving resolve vt. to find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem or difficulty ● The crisis was resolved by negotiations. synonym: solve, settle Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

49. Text B Comprehension Part 1 Answer the following questions according to the passage. 1. What did analysts doubt when Lenovo completed the purchase of the IBM PC unit in May, 2005? Many analysts doubted whether a company molded in the tradition of stateowned enterprises could transform itself into a global computer powerhouse. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 2. Who was Yang Yuanqing? Yang Yuanqing was the Chairman of Lenovo Group. ________________________________________________________________ 3. What challenges did Lenovo’s acquisition of IBM’s PC business bring? ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ They had to integrate two organizations, two groups of people and two traditions into a single system, and they had to recognize the cultural differences between the two corporations, and between East and West, and find ways to meld them. Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn

50. Text B Comprehension Part 1 Answer the following questions according to the passage. 4. What was Lenovo’s guideline in integrating the two corporate cultures? The new culture must be allembracing, a fusion that incorporates the cultures of East and West and does not simply adopt one or the other. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 5. What was the core of Lenovo’s corporate culture? At the core of Lenovo’s corporate culture are the basic elements of any successful business, such as integrity and concern for the customer. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ 6. Why did Lenovo set flexibility as the second element of its corporate culture? Prices and technology change rapidly in the PC industry. They must have a culture that has speed at its heart. Efficiency is paramount because they are working in a lowprofit margin industry. ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Lead-in Text A Text B Real Life Practice Practical Writing www.themegallery.com http://www.dutpgz.cn